Metabolic parameters on admission and response to medical therapy
| Metabolic parameters | ESRD | No ESRD | P value |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.6±2.1 | 12±2.5 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 804.5±362.6 | 472.5±137.7 | <0.001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 129.8±7.5 | 132.4±4.9 | <0.001 |
| Osmolality (mOsm/kg) | 304.4±19.5 | 291.1±11.2 | <0.001 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 5.8±1.4 | 4.6±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Anion gap (mEq/L) | 23.6±7 | 20.1±4.5 | <0.001 |
| Bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 12.6±4.0 | 13.0±3.9 | 0.47 |
| Beta-hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L) | 4.5±3.3 | 6.2±2.3 | 0.01 |
| pH | 7.1±0.2 | 7.2±0.2 | 0.42 |
| Response to therapy | |||
| Average BG days 1–10 (mg/dL) | 268.9±86.3 | 255.5±70.3 | 0.35 |
| Average BG day 1 (mg/dL) | 629.4±304.6 | 364.2±114.7 | <0.001 |
| Average BG day 2 (mg/dL) | 213.8±124.1 | 201.4±67.0 | 0.25 |
| Average BG day 3 (mg/dL) | 216.5±106.0 | 210.4±86.2 | 0.93 |
| Average BG day 4 (mg/dL) | 192.1±107.5 | 209.6±87.6 | 0.04 |
| Average BG day 5 (mg/dL) | 191.9±112.4 | 204.3±100.5 | 0.24 |
| Average BG in first 48 hours | 427.2±203.2 | 288.0±78.7 | <0.001 |
| Time to correction of hyperglycemia (BG <250 mg/dL), hours | 8.4±2.6 | 7.2±3.1 | 0.03 |
| Glucose reduction in first 24 hours (mg/dL) | −596.1±315.2 | −268.0±154.3 | <0.001 |
| Glucose reduction in first 48 hours (mg/dL) | −617.3±374.9 | −256.1±160.6 | <0.001 |
| Hypoglycemia <70 mg/dL, n (%) | 23 (34) | 34 (14) | 0.002 |
| Hypoglycemia <54 mg/dL, n (%) | 9 (13) | 13 (5) | 0.04 |
| Hypoglycemia <40 mg/dL, n (%) | 2 (3) | 4 (2) | 0.62 |
| Hypokalemia <3 mEq/L, n (%) | 16 (24) | 71 (30) | 0.30 |
| Hypokalemia <2.5 mEq/L | 3 (4) | 9 (4) | 0.73 |
Data presented as mean±(SD) or count (percentage), unless otherwise indicated.
BG, blood glucose; ESRD, end-stage renal disease.