0.4≤ABI<0.5 | 0.5≤ABI<0.7 | 0.7≤ABI<0.9 | 0.9≤ABI<1.1 | 1.1≤ABI<1.3 | 1.3≤ABI<3 | |||||||
Cardiovascular | ||||||||||||
AMI | 8 | 11.6 (5.8 to 23.1) | 52 | 10.2 (7.8 to 13.4) | 148 | 6.1 (5.2 to 7.1) | 535 | 4.5 (4.1 to 4.9) | 191 | 4.1 (3.6 to 4.7) | 78 | 5.8 (4.7 to 7.3) |
Ischemic stroke | 17 | 25.4 (15.8 to 40.9) | 95 | 19.0 (15.6 to 23.3) | 298 | 12.4 (11.1 to 13.9) | 1036 | 8.8 (8.3 to 9.3) | 356 | 7.7 (7.0 to 8.6) | 148 | 11.2 (9.6 to 13.2) |
MCE† | 24 | 36.9 (24.8 to 55.1) | 137 | 28.1 (23.7 to 33.2) | 425 | 18.0 (16.3 to 19.8) | 1516 | 13.0 (12.3 to 13.7) | 532 | 11.7 (10.7 to 12.7) | 212 | 16.3 (14.3 to 18.7) |
Mortality‡ | 45 | 62.7 (46.8 to 83.9) | 238 | 45.5 (40.1 to 51.7) | 673 | 27.2 (25.2 to 29.3) | 2383 | 19.7 (18.9 to 20.5) | 725 | 15.4 (14.3 to 16.6) | 395 | 29.1 (26.3 to 32.1) |
Microvascular complications | ||||||||||||
Nephropathy | 37 | 68.9 (50.0 to 95.2) | 216 | 50.8 (44.5 to 58.1) | 733 | 34.2 (31.8 to 36.8) | 2824 | 26.2 (25.3 to 27.2) | 1034 | 24.4 (22.9 to 25.9) | 360 | 30.5 (27.5 to 33.8) |
Retinopathy | 13 | 20.9 (12.1 to 36.0) | 74 | 15.3 (12.2 to 19.2) | 223 | 9.5 (8.3 to 10.8) | 715 | 6.1 (5.7 to 6.6) | 251 | 5.5 (4.9 to 6.2) | 103 | 8.0 (6.6 to 9.6) |
Neuropathy | 3 | 4.3 (1.4 to 13.3) | 56 | 11.2 (8.6 to 14.6) | 155 | 6.4 (5.5 to 7.5) | 414 | 3.5 (3.2 to 3.8) | 159 | 3.4 (2.9 to 4.0) | 67 | 5.1 (4.0 to 6.4) |
*Per 1000 person-years.
†A composite of AMI and ischemic stroke.
‡All-cause mortality.
ABI, ankle–brachial index; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; MCE, major cardiovascular event; n, number of participants.