Table 2

Regression analysis modeling the relationship of dietary group (LCHF vs UC) to the change in A1C levels at each follow-up visit (visits 2–4) compared with baseline (visit 1)

Model 1Model 2
Beta-coefficient*95% CIP valueBeta-coefficient†95% CIP value
Visit 2:
(6–11 weeks)		−1.46−2.09 to 0.84<0.001−1.49−2.07 to 0.91<0.001
Visit 3:
(12–16 weeks)		−1.48−1.95 to 1.00<0.001−1.27−1.70 to 0.84<0.001
Visit 4:
(17–21 weeks)		−1.32−1.83 to 0.81<0.001−1.29−1.75 to 0.82<0.001

  • *Beta-coefficients represent the mean difference between dietary groups (LCHF vs UC) in the A1C change (A1C at that follow-up visit−A1C at baseline).

  • †Model 1 is unadjusted; model 2 is fully adjusted for baseline characteristics at visit 1, including sex, A1C, BMI and dose of insulin in units.

  • LCHF, low carbohydrate, high fat; UC, usual care.