Study | Subjects (T/C) | Duration | Intervention | TCM outcome | Control | Control outcome | ||||||
BMI/WC | FBG/2hPG/HbA1c | TC/TG/LDL/HDL | SBP/DBP | BMI/WC | FBG/2hPG | TC/TG/LDL/HDL | SBP/DBP | |||||
Chen 2011 | 63/59 | 12 months | Tianqi Jiangtang capsule+basic treatment | BMI: 26.80±2.61 WC: 94.11±5.99 | FBG: 6.12±0.72 2hPG: 8.28±0.27 | TC: 5.03±0.93 TG: 1.64±1.10 (39) LDL: 2.92±0.85 HDL:1.46±0.42 (38) | SBP: 127.73±9.19 DBP: 79.52±5.72 | Placebo+basic treatment | BMI: 26.50±2.25 WC: 93.68±6.42 | FBG: 6.63±0.96 2hPG: 9.18±2.44 | TC: 4.93±1.06 TG: 1.69±0.60 LDL: 2.69±0.98 HDL: 1.51±0.63 | SBP: 126.17±7.72 DBP: 78.41±6.93 |
Fan 2012 | 40/40 | 12 weeks | Wuling powder+basic treatment | BMI: 23.61±1.37 WC: 83.50±3.80 | FBG: 4.85±0.96 2hPG: 10.61±3.54 HbA1c: 6.59±0.94 | TC: 3.60±0.67 TG: 1.82±0.72 LDL: 1.73±0.63 HDL: 1.49±0.30 | SBP: 128.50±3.72 DBP: 80.67±2.46 | Basic treatment | BMI: 24.37±1.32 WC: 86.12±8.24 | FBG: 5.08±0.69 2hPG: 11.04±2.34 HbA1c: 6.31±0.70 | TC: 3.74±1.20 TG: 1.92±1.06 LDL: 2.18±0.74 HDL: 1.12±0.28 | SBP: 138.33±4.64 DBP: 88.80±2.66 |
Huang 2019 | 30/31 | 90 days | Erchen combined with Taohong Siwu decoction+basic treatment | BMI: 27.23±3.13 WC: 92.78±9.04 | FBG: 5.43±1.57 | TC: 4.18±1.42 TG: 1.26±0.49 LDL: 2.64±0.81 HDL: 1.23±0.29 | SBP: 123.61±8.50 DBP: 73.87±7.73 | Basic treatment | BMI: 27.08±4.60 WC: 92.72±7.13 | FBG: 6.30±1.67 | TC: 5.03±0.98 TG: 1.90±1.15 LDL: 2.77±0.78 HDL: 1.13±0.24 | SBP: 121.4±10.69 DBP: 74.9±7.49 |
Lian 2012 | 83/82 | 12 weeks | Yi Tang Kang+basic treatment | BMI: 26.60±2.81 | FBG: 5.82±0.52 2hPG: 7.33±1.65 HbA1c: 5.83±0.60 | TC: 4.92±0.99 TG: 1.68±0.66 LDL: 2.99±0.71 HDL: 1.29±0.31 | SBP: 130.55±5.21 DBP: 81.65±3.77 | Placebo+basic treatment | BMI: 27.35±2.75 | FBG: 5.96±0.68 2hPG: 7.99±1.67 HbA1c: 6.04±0.63 | TC: 5.38±1.89 TG: 1.74±0.84 LDL: 3.25±0.74 HDL: 1.34±0.70 | SBP: 38.37±8.12 DBP: 86.69±5.20 |
Liu 2017 | 35/35 | 12 weeks | Wenpi Fuzhen decoction+basic treatment | BMI: 26.41±3.25 WC: 89.50±8.22 | FBG: 5.72±1.33 2hPG: 7.24±1.87 HbA1c: 5.59±1.23 | TC: 4.67±1.12 TG: 2.08±0.81 LDL: 3.32±0.74 HDL: 1.23±0.46 | SBP: 133.66±4.97 DBP: 83.01±5.43 | Placebo+basic treatment | BMI: 28.78±4.11 WC: 93.99±9.23 | FBG:6.36±1.21 2hPG:8.30±2.41 HbA1c:6.13±0.94 | TC: 5.22±0.98 TG: 2.50±0.94 LDL: 3.81±0.88 HDL: 1.17±0.32 | SBP: 139.84±6.28 DBP: 88.94±6.11 |
Wang 2012 | 86/81 | 12 weeks | Jiangtang pill+basic treatment | BMI: 23.41±2.16 | FBG: 5.79±0.66 2hPG: 7.53±1.44 HbA1c: 5.89±0.69 | TC: 4.94±0.91 TG: 1.50±0.90 LDL: 3.06±0.67 HDL: 1.23±0.28 | SBP: 134.26±8.07 DBP: 84.51±5.04 | Placebo+basic treatment | BMI:26.37±2.50 | FBG: 5.95±0.60 2hPG: 8.24±1.33 HbA1c: 5.98±0.86 | TC: 5.05±0.82 TG: 1.80±1.00 LDL: 3.16±0.62 HDL: 1.27±0.27 | SBP: 140.17±9.69 DBP: 88.84±5.57 |
Wang 2013 | 60/60 | 12 weeks | Heye Jiangzhi decoction+basic treatment | BMI: 25.53±1.28 WC: 88.5±3.64 | FBG: 6.61±0.95 2hPG: 10.46±3.24 | TC: 3.42±1.16 TG: 1.56±0.68 LDL: 1.88±0.72 HDL: 1.70±0.48 | SBP: 132.29±9.87 DBP: 82.73±7.72 | Basic treatment | BMI: 26.27±2.03 WC: 88.68±7.53 | FBG: 6.98±1.37 2hPG: 11.14±2.04 | TC: 4.08±0.93 TG: 2.02±1.11 LDL: 1.94±0.57 HDL: 1.56±0.46 | SBP: 140.0±14.38 DBP: 86.9±7.56 |
Wang 2016 | 48/48 | 12 weeks | Yiqi Huaju formula+basic treatment | BMI: 25.36±2.32 WC: 88.89±8.83 WHtR: 0.88±0.06 | FBG: 6.24±1.31 2hPG: 8.68±2.61 HbA1c: 7.04±1.25 | TC: 4.25±0.96 TG: 1.60±0.70 LDL: 2.55±0.70 HDL: 1.16±0.28 | SBP: 125.50±5.83 DBP: 78.61±5.40 | Placebo+basic treatment | BMI: 27.66±2.21 WC: 97.10±11.00 WHtR: 0.94±0.05 | FBG: 7.06±2.08 2hPG: 10.66±3.24 HbA1c: 7.54±1.17 | TC: 4.22±0.67 TG: 1.92±0.68 LDL: 2.58±0.52 HDL: 1.10±0.22 | SBP: 130.00±9.03 DBP: 81.64±6.22 |
Yang 2013 | 40/20 | 12 weeks | Huayu Fuyuan capsule +basic treatment | WC: 118.40±11.27 | FBG: 6.31±0.85 | TG: 1.56±0.37 HDL: 1.52±0.38 | SBP: 129.60±10.92 DBP: 79.40±7.70 | Basic treatment | WC: 117.43±9.42 | FBG: 6.70±1.09 | TG: 1.81±0.25 HDL: 1.41±0.39 | SBP: 131.10±6.24 DBP: 78.70±6.78 |
Zhang 2014 | 36/37 | 12 weeks | Sanhuang Danshen decoction+basic treatment | BMI: 24.96±1.64 WC: 90.17±6.72 WHtR: 0.55±0.04 | FBG: 5.56±2.11 2hPG: 7.47±3.20 HbA1c: 6.22±2.10 | TC: 4.18±0.80 TG: 1.64±0.45 LDL: 2.66±0.60 HDL: 1.38±0.33 | Basic treatment | BMI: 24.85±1.70 WC: 91.84±6.43 WHtR: 0.55±0.04 | FBG: 5.81±0.74 2hPG: 7.84±3.33 HbA1c: 7.13±0.90 | TC: 4.60±1.10 TG: 2.01±1.51 LDL: 2.75±0.91 HDL: 1.24±0.33 | ||
Zhang 2016 | 85/84 | 12 weeks | Yangyin Jiangya capsule+Jiangzhuo Quyu granule+basic treatment | BMI: 23.8±3.1 WC: 88.6±7.2 WHtR: 0.89±0.05 | FBG: 5.40±0.55 2hPG: 7.59±0.68 HbA1c: 5.49±0.4 | TC: 4.91±0.67 TG: 1.37±0.21 LDL: 2.31±0.57 HDL: 1.45±0.25 | SBP: 125.3±5.8 DBP: 78.2±4.8 | Basic treatment | BMI: 24.6±2.9 WC: 91.4±7.4 WHtR: 0.93±0.04 | FBG: 5.82±0.59 2hPG: 8.17±0.88 HbA1c: 5.85±0.57 | TC: 5.06±0.68 TG: 1.58±0.23 LDL: 2.65±0.62 HDL: 1.25±0.28 | SBP: 128.8±6.3 DBP: 82.6±5.3 |
Chen 2014 | 30/30 | 12 weeks | Heye Jiangzhi decoction | BMI: 25.03±1.57 WC: 87.87±3.47 | FBG: 6.42±0.68 2hPG: 7.50±0.72 | TC: 3.71±0.64 TG: 2.13±0.46 LDL: 2.37±0.27 HDL: 1.13±0.10 | SBP: 134.63±4.36 DBP: 83.10±4.54 | Metformin 0.25g tid, ramipril 5 mg qd, fenofibrate 200 mg qd | BMI: 26.11±1.57 WC: 87.83±3.73 | FBG: 6.37±0.58 2hPG: 7.62±0.46 | TC: 3.84±0.84 TG: 2.10±0.53 LDL: 2.35±0.24 HDL: 1.05±0.11 | SBP: 129.87±3.31 DBP: 79.53±3.89 |
Ji 2017 | 33/33 | 12 weeks | Chaihu Sanren decoction | BMI: 25.77±2.33 WC: 92.47±7.27 | FBG: 5.46±0.54 | TC: 4.03±0.69 TG: 2.04±0.95 LDL: 2.62±0.81 HDL: 1.12±0.16 | SBP: 134.85±9.56 DBP: 80.00±10.00 | Pioglitazone hydrochloride tablets 15 mg qd | BMI: 27.85±1.60 WC: 96.85±8.49 | FBG: 5.40±1.40 | TC: 4.64±1.04 TG: 2.56±1.10 LDL: 3.22±0.75 HDL: 0.98±0.11 | SBP: 141.48±9.32 DBP: 85.00±15.00 |
Li 2012 | 38/37 | 12 weeks | Tang Zhi Ping | BMI: 24.43±0.51 WC: 91.86±6.14 | FBG: 5.73±0.39 2hPG: 7.92±0.76 HbA1c: 5.27±0.31 | TC: 3.61±1.24 TG: 1.59±0.32 LDL: 2.23±0.72 HDL: 1.06±0.14 | SBP: 127.22±8.13 DBP: 80.44±8.58 | Metformin 0.25 g tid | BMI: 24.17±0.49 WC: 91.39±5.83 | FBG: 5.28±0.27 2hPG: 7.74±0.92 HbA1c: 5.19±0.48 | TC: 4.75±1.16 TG: 2.75±0.46 LDL: 3.03±0.33 HD L: 1.05±0.20 | SBP: 136.47±8.96 DBP: 79.20±8.83 |
Wang 2019 | 50/50 | 12 weeks | Yiqi Huazhuo Gushen granules+basic treatment | BMI: 24.34±0.43 WHtR: 0.87±0.05 | FBG: 6.23±1.31 2hPG: 8.68±2.56 HbA1c: 7.04±1.26 | TC: 4.24±0.78 TG: 1.62±0.58 LDL: .54±0.71 HDL: 1.19±0.27 | SBP: 125.91±7.12 DBP: 78.47±5.35 | Valsartan 80 mg qd+placebo+basic treatment | BMI: 27.61±2.75 WHtR: 0.94±0.048 | FBG: 7.06±1.41 2hPG: 10.62±3.24 HbA1c: 7.52±1.36 | TC: 4.25±0.68 TG: 1.88±0.44 LDL: 2.55±0.52 HDL: 1.12±0.21 | SBP: 130.5 6±7.99 DBP: 79.88±5.43 |
Yu 2018 | 215/199 | 12 weeks | Jiangtang Tiaozhi formula | BMI: 27.33±3.34 WC: 94.73±8.29 HC: 102.02±7.23 | FBG: 8.24±2.35 2hPG: 14.52±4.73 HbA1c: 7.51±1.44 | TC: 5.06±1.00 TG: 2.79±1.86 LDL: 2.92±0.73 | Metformin tablets 0.25 g tid | BMI: 27.27±3.21 WC: 94.98±9.03 HC: 102.67±7.16 | FBG: 8.21±2.23 2hPG: 14.83±4.32 HbA1c: 7.57±1.42 | TC: 5.21±1.00 TG: 2.82±1.91 LDL: 2.98±0.76 |
BMI, body mass index; C, control group; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HC, hip circumference; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; 2hPG, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; qd, once per day; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T, treatment group; TC, total cholesterol; TCM, traditional Chinese medicine; TG, triglyceride ; tid, three times per day; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.