The biochemical values of survivors and non-survivors in patients with severe covid-19 with diabetes on admission to hospital
| Normal range | Survivors (n=9) | Non-survivors (n=39) | P value* | |
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Random blood glucose, mmol/L | 9.02 (6.39 to 13.73) | 12.38 (8.39 to 17.35) | 0.096 | |
| Glycated hemoglobin, mean±SD, % | 4.0–6.0 | 7.6±1.3 | 7.4±1.0 | 0.639 |
| Leukocyte count, ×109/L | 3.50–9.50 | 4.93 (3.50 to 7.58) | 9.09 (6.20 to 13.34) | 0.004 |
| Neutrophil count, ×109/L | 1.80–6.30 | 3.23 (2.26 to 5.38) | 8.04 (5.36 to 12.49) | 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×109/L | 1.10–3.20 | 0.94 (0.54 to 1.84) | 0.50 (0.34 to 0.76) | 0.024 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 115.0–150.0 | 125.0 (112.0 to 141.5) | 131 (115 to 140) | 0.682 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 125.0–350.0 | 161.0 (159.5 to 286.5) | 160.0 (113.0 to 228.0) | 0.219 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 11.5–14.5 | 13.6 (13.2 to 14.4) | 15.2 (13.8 to 17.4) | 0.007 |
| Thrombin time, s | 14.0–19.0 | 16.1 (15.7 to 17.0) | 18.1 (15.8 to 20.0) | 0.124 |
| APTT, s | 29.0–42.0 | 36.3 (33.9 to 42.7) | 39.0 (36.1 to 45.5) | 0.188 |
| Fibrinogen, mean±SD, g/L | 2.00–4.00 | 4.80±1.38 | 5.08±2.50 | 0.748 |
| D-dimer, µg/mL FEU | <0.5 | 0.41 (0.26 to 0.89) | 4.95 (1.80 to 21.00) | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | ≤33.0 | 20.0 (13.5 to 31.5) | 23.0 (17.0 to 40.0) | 0.369 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | ≤32.0 | 26.0 (16.5 to 34.0) | 41.0 (24.0 to 63.0) | 0.023 |
| Albumin, mean±SD, g/L | 35.0–52.0 | 37.2±2.6 | 31.0±5.0 | 0.001 |
| Total bilirubin, µmol/L | ≤21.0 | 7.5 (6.5 to 11.1) | 13.4 (9.3 to 22.2) | 0.007 |
| Creatine kinase, U/L | ≤170.0 | 76.5 (46.5 to 107.3) | 207.0 (92.0 to 331.0) | 0.013 |
| Lactic dehydrogenase, U/L | 135–214 | 237 (185 to 296) | 501 (359 to 748) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol, mean±SD, mmol/L | <5.18 | 3.75±0.69 | 3.56±1.00 | 0.599 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | <1.70 | 1.12 (1.00 to 2.04) | 1.92 (1.52 to 2.59) | 0.086 |
| Urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 3.1–8.8 | 2.9 (2.7 to 4.6) | 9.5 (6.2 to 12.7) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 45.0–84.0 | 65.0 (53.5 to 79.5) | 88.0 (73.0 to 114.0) | 0.014 |
| Uric acid, µmol/L | 202.3–416.5 | 263.0 (167.0 to 318.4) | 277.3 (184.0 to 374.0) | 0.376 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | <1.0 | 13.0 (1.0 to 48.0) | 97.2 (64.4 to 191.0) | <0.001 |
| ESR, mm/H | 0.0–20.0 | 32.0 (4.3 to 50.5) | 38.5 (15.8 to 77.5) | 0.230 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.02–0.05 | 0.05 (0.03 to 0.08) | 0.38 (0.13 to 1.18) | <0.001 |
| Ferritin, µg/L | 15.0–150.0 | 432.5 (245.8 to 809.1) | 1612.0 (1125.0 to 2733.0) | <0.001 |
| IL-2 receptor, U/mL | 223–710 | 541 (331 to 837) | 1180 (931 to 1654) | 0.001 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | <7.00 | 22.20 (5.87 to 43.03) | 55.77 (26.99 to 137.90) | 0.016 |
| IL-8, pg/mL | <62.0 | 21.9 (13.3 to 193.0) | 27.2 (15.9 to 53.0) | 0.945 |
| TNFα, pg/mL | <8.1 | 7.3 (5.9 to 11.8) | 12.8 (8.0 to 19.6) | 0.022 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | <285 | 46 (31 to 267) | 970 (323 to 2535) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac troponin I, pg/mL | ≤15.60 | 1.9 (1.9 to 5.0) | 43.1 (11.0 to 239.4) | <0.001 |
*P values indicate differences between survivors and non-survivors. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FEU, fibrinogen equivalent units; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reaction protein; IL, interleukin; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α.