Comparison between low and high hepatic insulin clearance
| Parameters | HIC <6.5 | HIC >6.5 | P value |
| (n=10) | (n=11) | ||
| Age (years) | 58.3±11.0 | 60.2±10.6 | N.S. |
| Sex (male/female) | 4/6 | 6/5 | N.S. |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.9±2.76 | 24.1±4.3 | <0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 2.8±4.6 | 4.6±4.6 | N.S. |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 7.12±0.57 | 7.18±1.44 | N.S. |
| Postprandial plasma glucose 2 hours (mmol/L) | 9.68±2.10 | 11.45±2.08 | 0.06 |
| AST (U/L) | 39.6±23.0 | 25.3±6.7 | N.S. |
| ALT (U/L) | 63.0±44.1 | 36.6±15.6 | N.S. |
| Gamma-GTP (U/L) | 77.2±62.6 | 30.0±13.0 | 0.01 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.10±0.75 | 8.10±0.53 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-beta (%) | 102.6±23.3 | 35.7±24.0 | <0.001 |
| Insulinogenic Index | 1.09±1.22 | 0.24±0.11 | <0.001 |
| C-peptide-AUC0–30 | 1.98±0.69 | 1.16±0.33 | <0.005 |
| C-peptede-AUC0–120 | 4.02±1.32 | 2.43±0.57 | <0.005 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.89±1.77 | 2.17±1.89 | <0.005 |
| GDR (mg/kg/min) | 5.19±1.91 | 6.22±2.10 | N.S. |
| M/I | 4.34±1.89 | 10.09±9.15 | <0.05 |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 3.92±3.43 | 6.75±8.45 | <0.05 |
| GLP-1 AUC | 6.99±2.83 | 8.91±4.81 | N.S. |
| GIP AUC | 109.70±39.53 | 102.30±43.99 | N.S. |
| Glucagon AUC | 225.76±103.56 | 123.26±104.75 | 0.09 |
Data are presented as the mean±SD.
The comparison of parameters between low and high hepatic insulin clearance was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The χ2 test was used for categorical comparisons of the sex data.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AUC, area under the curve; BMI, body mass index; GDR, glucose disposal rate; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GTP, glutamyl transpeptidase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HIC, hepatic insulin clearance; HOMA-beta, homeostatic model assessment beta cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; N.S., not significant.