HRs (95% CI) for overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal and fatal stroke, and non-fatal myocardial infarction or coronary death in dependence on proinsulin to insulin ratio (per SD)
| All-cause mortality | Cardiovascular mortality | Non-fatal or fatal stroke, myocardial infarction, or coronary death | |
| n (non-cases)† | 1391 | 1459 | 1262 |
| n (cases)‡ | 123 | 55 | 93 |
| Without adjustment | |||
| Total study cohort | 1.57 (1.31 to 1.88)*** | 1.74 (1.33 to 2.27)*** | 1.33 (1.09 to 1.63)** |
| Adjustment for sex, age, BMI, arterial hypertension, physical activity (model 3) | |||
| Total study cohort | 1.16 (0.96 to 1.42) | 1.22 (0.90 to 1.64) | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.26) |
**p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
†Number of participants without events.
‡Number of events.
BMI, body mass index.