Association between exposure to recent and lifetime diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and having the lowest cognitive function in our sample (1.5 SD below population mean)
| Model outcome | Number with lowest function | Adjusted for age, sex, race, diagnosis age, education |
| OR (95% CI) | ||
| Global cognition | 55 | |
| 0 DKA hospitalization | Reference | |
| 1 DKA hospitalization | 0.56 (0.22 to 1.42) | |
| ≥2 DKA hospitalizations | 1.55 (0.58 to 4.12) | |
| Language | 48 | |
| 0 DKA hospitalization | Reference | |
| 1 DKA hospitalization | 0.67 (0.26 to 1.76) | |
| ≥2 DKA hospitalizations | 1.85 (0.67 to 5.09) | |
| Executive function/psychomotor speed | 57 | |
| 0 DKA hospitalization | Reference | |
| 1 DKA hospitalization | 0.64 (0.25 to 1.60) | |
| ≥2 DKA hospitalizations | 3.26 (1.43 to 7.42) | |
| Episodic memory | 59 | |
| 0 DKA hospitalization | Reference | |
| 1 DKA hospitalization | 0.74 (0.33 to 1.64) | |
| ≥2 DKA hospitalizations | 0.89 (0.30 to 2.66) | |
| Attention | 48 | |
| 0 DKA hospitalization | Reference | |
| 1 DKA hospitalization | 0.71 (0.29 to 1.75) | |
| ≥2 DKA hospitalizations | 1.52 (0.58 to 3.96) |
Association between lowest cognitive function (1.5 SD below population mean) and exposure to lifetime DKA resulting in hospitalization. Values in bold indicate cognitive function scores that were statistically different from the referent group (ie the no DKA group).