Distribution of study covariates and hospital outcomes of patients with and without T2DM hospitalized with ventilator-associated pneumonia in Spain (2016–2017), after propensity score matching
| T2DM | No T2DM | P value | |
| Male sex, n (%) | 358 (71.03) | 359 (71.23) | 0.945 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 146 (28.97) | 145 (28.77) | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 67.67 (9.68) | 68.25 (10.48) | 0.367 |
| 40–64 years, n (%) | 187 (37.1) | 167 (33.13) | 0.178 |
| 65–74 years, n (%) | 191 (37.9) | 186 (36.9) | |
| ≥75 years, n (%) | 126 (25) | 151 (29.96) | |
| CCI, mean (SD) | 1.28 (0.97) | 1.22(1) | 0.370 |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 68 (13.49) | 69 (13.69) | 0.927 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 115 (22.82) | 111 (22.02) | 0.763 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 41 (8.13) | 37 (7.34) | 0.637 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 105 (20.83) | 88 (17.46) | 0.174 |
| Dementia, n (%) | 3 (0.6) | 4 (0.79) | 0.704 |
| COPD, n (%) | 84 (16.67) | 78 (15.48) | 0.607 |
| Rheumatoid disease, n (%) | 5 (0.99) | 3 (0.6) | 0.478 |
| Peptic ulcer, n (%) | 16 (3.17) | 13 (2.58) | 0.572 |
| Mild liver disease, n (%) | 31 (6.15) | 40 (7.94) | 0.268 |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia, n (%) | 39 (7.74) | 37 (7.34) | 0.811 |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 72 (14.29) | 64 (12.7) | 0.461 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 32 (6.35) | 40 (7.94) | 0.328 |
| Moderate/severe liver disease, n (%) | 17 (3.37) | 15 (2.98) | 0.719 |
| Metastatic cancer, n (%) | 16 (3.17) | 17 (3.37) | 0.860 |
| AIDS, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Undergone surgery, n (%) | 371 (73.61) | 381 (75.6) | 0.469 |
| Axial CT of thorax, n (%) | 28 (5.56) | 48 (9.52) | 0.017 |
| Bronchial fibroscopy, n (%) | 28 (5.56) | 29 (5.75) | 0.892 |
| Dialysis, n (%) | 86 (17.06) | 76 (15.08) | 0.391 |
| Pressure ulcer, n (%) | 54 (10.71) | 50 (9.92) | 0.679 |
| LOHS, mean (SD) | 47.41 (39.58) | 53.52 (51.18) | 0.034 |
| IHM, n (%) | 220 (43.65) | 211 (41.87) | 0.567 |
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IHM, in-hospital mortality; LOHS, length of hospital stay; NA, Not adequate; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.