Demographic and health characteristics of the subsample of 283 children and adolescents (7–19 years) from the Yale Pediatric NAFLD Cohort
| Variable | Mean or count (SD or %) | Variable | Mean or count (SD or %) |
| Age (years) | 13.3 (3.02) | Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 90.3 (8.28) |
| Sex, male | 129 (45.6%) | Fasting insulin (µU/mL) | 32.8 (23.4) |
| Race/ethnicity | HOMA-IR | 7.43 (5.55) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 68 (24.0%) | Whole body insulin sensitivity index | 1.98 (1.32) |
| African–American | 104 (36.7%) | Insulinogenic index | 4.98 (4.61) |
| Hispanic | 98 (34.6%) | Disposition index | 7.75 (6.37) |
| Asian/Other | 13 (4.6%) | Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 104 (62.7) |
| BMI z-score | 2.01 (0.726) | HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 43.7 (10.6) |
| Hepatic fat fraction (%) | 7.14 (9.80) | LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 91.4 (31.5) |
| VAT ratio | 0.111 (0.044) | Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 155 (37.2) |
| Deep SAT ratio | 0.283 (0.069) | NAFLD | 100 (35.3%) |
| Superficial SAT ratio | 0.273 (0.066) | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 7 (2.5%) |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.5 (20.9) | IGT | 44 (15.5%) |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 117 (10.4) | IFG | 18 (6.4%) |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 66.8 (7.54) | Both IGT and IFG | 6 (2%) |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.