CVD | CKD | U-Alb | DR | DSPN | CAN | |
Gender (male vs female) | 2.98 (1.60 to 5.53) p=0.001 | 0.26 (0.14 to 0.48) p<0.001 | 2.04 (1.11 to 3.77) p=0.022 | 1.23 (0.53 to 2.84) p=0.625 | 0.75 (0.50 to 1.12) p=0.162 | 0.89 (0.52 to 1.51) p=0.656 |
Age (per year) | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.09) p<0.001 | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) p<0.001 | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.02) p=0.899 | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.09) p=0.072 | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03) p=0.623 | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.02) p=0.536 |
BMI (per unit) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.04) p=0.623 | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.10) p=0.132 | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.07) p=0.236 | 1.02 (0.95 to 1.10) p=0.539 | 1.03 (1.00 to 1.07) p=0.067 | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.10) p=0.017 |
Smoking (past/current vs never) | 1.71 (1.06 to 2.76) p=0.028 | 0.99 (0.54 to 1.82) p=0.968 | 1.84 (1.12 to 3.02) p=0.016 | 0.89 (0.41 to 1.89) p=0.753 | 1.55 (1.06 to 2.28) p=0.023 | 1.88 (1.16 to 3.07) p=0.011 |
HbA1c (per log unit) | 1.88 (0.45 to 7.87) p=0.388 | 0.16 (0.02 to 1.56) p=0.115 | 6.46 (1.64 to 25.46) p=0.008 | 4.60 (0.51 to 41.36) p=0.173 | 1.42 (0.44 to 4.59) p=0.560 | 1.58 (0.34 to 7.30) p=0.556 |
Hypertension (yes vs no) | 2.17 (1.12 to 4.21) p=0.022 | 1.29 (0.57 to 2.94) p=0.542 | 1.35 (0.74 to 2.46) p=0.322 | 0.70 (0.29 to 1.66) p=0.416 | 1.30 (0.82 to 2.07) p=0.262 | 2.04 (1.12 to 3.73) p=0.021 |
Hypercholesterolemia (yes vs no) | 1.65 (0.47 to 5.82) p=0.440 | 1.14 (0.25 to 5.27) p=0.868 | 1.05 (0.30 to 3.71) p=0.937 | 0.56 (0.13 to 2.54) p=0.455 | 0.77 (0.32 to 1.89) p=0.573 | 0.98 (0.31 to 3.02) p=0.948 |
ORs and 95% CIs are reported. Significant p values are in bold.
BMI, body mass index; CAN, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DR, diabetic retinopathy; DSPN, distal symmetric polyneuropathy; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; U-Alb, microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria.