Prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol in Amish and NHANES by age group
| Amish | NHANES | Prevalence rate ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Age and sex adjusted | Age, sex, and BMI adjusted | |||||||
| 18–44 | 45–64 | ≥65 | 18–44 | 45–64 | ≥65 | |||
| Total no. (diabetes/ hypertension/total cholesterol/LDL cholesterol) | 1911/3067/3073/3073 | 930/1533/1530/1530 | 461/770/771/771 | 1010/1002/1039/815 | 755/742/784/735 | 679/659/704/681 | ||
| Diabetes prevalence (95% CI) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.0) | 4.6 (3.4 to 6.2) | 11.7 (8.9 to 15.0) | 4.4 (3.2 to 5.8) | 15.1 (12.7 to 17.8) | 24.2 (21.0 to 27.6) | 0.34 (0.27 to 0.42)*** | 0.40 (0.32 to 0.51)*** |
| Hypertension prevalence (95% CI) | 1.8 (1.4 to 2.3) | 17.6 (15.7 to 19.6) | 46.4 (42.8 to 50.0) | 11.5 (9.6 to 13.6) | 43.3 (39.7 to 46.9) | 71.8 (68.2 to 75.2) | 0.46 (0.42 to 0.51)*** | 0.50 (0.45 to 0.56)*** |
| High total cholesterol prevalence (95% CI) | 18.2 (16.8 to 19.6) | 33.7 (31.4 to 36.2) | 43.1 (39.5 to 46.6) | 13.4 (11.4 to 15.6) | 40.8 (37.4 to 44.4) | 63.1 (59.4 to 66.6) | 0.87 (0.80 to 0.94)*** | 0.88 (0.81 to 0.96)** |
| High total cholesterol prevalence without APOB (95% CI) | 10.4 (9.1 to 11.7) | 24.8 (22.5 to 27.3) | 36.6 (32.7 to 40.6) | As above | As above | As above | 0.63 (0.57 to 0.70)*** | 0.64 (0.58 to 0.71)*** |
| High LDL prevalence (95% CI) | 18.4 (17.0 to 19.8) | 31.6 (29.2 to 34.0) | 40.3 (36.9 to 43.9) | 11.3 (9.2 to 13.7) | 37.8 (34.3 to 41.4) | 62.1 (58.4 to 65.8) | 0.87 (0.79 to 0.95)** | 0.90 (0.82 to 0.99) * |
| High LDL prevalence without APOB (95% CI) | 9.3 (8.2 to 10.5) | 22.1 (19.8 to 24.5) | 33.0 (29.2 to 37.0) | As above | As above | As above | 0.60 (0.54 to 0.67)*** | 0.63 (0.57 to 0.70)*** |
***P<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05.
APOB, apolipoprotein B gene; BMI, body mass index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.