Baseline characteristics of HRS participants aged ≥65 with diabetes, by ADA Framework categories, n=3166
| Overall | ADA Framework category | |||
| Healthy | Intermediate Health | Poor Health | ||
| n (weighted %) | 3166 | 1050 (33.6) | 1561 (50.0) | 555 (16.4) |
| Age (years), mean (SE) | 72.8 (0.15) | 71.2 (0.22) | 73.0 (0.16) | 75.3 (0.37) |
| Female | 52.7 | 45.7 | 56.2 | 56.7 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 83.4 | 87.6 | 83.7 | 73.0 |
| Black | 12.6 | 8.4 | 12.6 | 21.7 |
| Other | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 5.3 |
| Diabetes medication use | ||||
| No medication | 24.6 | 26.8 | 24.8 | 19.1 |
| Oral medications only | 57.1 | 58.8 | 57.8 | 51.6 |
| Insulin | 18.3 | 14.4 | 17.5 | 29.2 |
| Lung disease | 13.2 | 3.2 | 15.8 | 26.6 |
| Stroke | 12.7 | 2.3 | 15.9 | 25.5 |
| Arthritis | 69.0 | 48.8 | 81.0 | 74.0 |
| Cancer | 16.1 | 8.0 | 20.8 | 18.8 |
| Kidney disease | 9.8 | 2.3 | 12.9 | 16.3 |
| Incontinence | 11.3 | 1.6 | 14.3 | 23.3 |
| Hypertension | 69.2 | 54.8 | 77.7 | 73.7 |
| Myocardial infarction | 5.8 | 0.2 | 7.7 | 12.0 |
| Congestive heart failure | 7.9 | 0.5 | 9.6 | 18.7 |
| Heart surgery or procedures | 12.0 | 2.3 | 17.5 | 15.3 |
| Falls | 32.3 | 11.5 | 41.9 | 46.4 |
| Psychiatric disease | 16.1 | 4.0 | 20.7 | 27.6 |
| Lung disease requiring oxygen | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 15.7 |
| Metastasized cancer | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.6 |
| Dialysis | 7.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.8 |
| Dementia | 9.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 60.9 |
| Dependence in 2+ activities of daily living (ADLs)* | 6.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 39.5 |
| Difficulty in 2+ instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)† | 14.9 | 0.0 | 14.4 | 49.0 |
Numbers are weighted percent, unless otherwise noted.
*Activities of daily living included dressing, bathing, eating, toileting, and getting into/out of bed.
†Instrumental activities of daily living included managing medications, making phone calls, grocery shopping, and preparing hot meals.
ADA, American Diabetes Association; HRS, Health and Retirement Study.