Variables | Low METs (n=251) | Medium METs (n=181) | High METs (n=148) | P value | Effect size (95% CI)* |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 60.7 (10.4) | 57.6 (10.6) | 53.3 (9.6) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.32 to 0.66) |
Sex, n (%) | |||||
Female | 113 (45) | 68 (37.6) | 49 (33.1) | 0.050 | |
Male | 138 (55) | 113 (62.4) | 99 (66.9) | ||
Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
Black | 83 (33.1) | 59 (32.6) | 41 (27.7) | 0.542 | |
Hispanic | 104 (41.4) | 83 (45.9) | 77 (52.0) | ||
White | 49 (19.5) | 29 (16) | 21 (14.2) | ||
Other or not documented | 15 (6) | 10 (5.5.) | 9 (6.1) | ||
BMI, mean (SD) | 31.9 (6.4) | 32.9 (6.7) | 30.1 (5.2) | 0.004 | 0.04 (−0.17 to 0.25) |
CAD, n (%) | 56 (22.3) | 27 (14.9) | 28 (18.9) | 0.156 | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 98 (39) | 64 (35.4) | 58 (39.2) | 0.691 | |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 83 (33.1) | 53 (29.3) | 51 (34.5) | 0.566 | |
CKD, n (%) | 15 (6.0) | 6 (3.3) | 13 (8.8) | 0.110 | 0.15 (0.08 to 0.23) |
HF, n (%) | 94 (37.5) | 44 (24.3) | 31 (20.9) | <0.001 | |
COPD, n (%) | 59 (23.5) | 40 (22.1) | 24 (16.2) | 0.214 | |
PVD, n (%) | 58 (23.1) | 38 (21.0) | 34 (23.0) | 0.858 | |
% of predicted maximal HR, mean (SD) | 61.2 (8.6) | 64.9 (8.2) | 67.4 (7.7) | <0.001 | 0.56 (0.37 to 0.75) |
Readmission, n (%) | |||||
30-day | 67 (26.7) | 29 (16.0) | 21 (14.2) | 0.003 | 0.13 (0.05 to 0.21) |
6-month† | 89 (35.5) | 47 (26.0) | 35 (23.6) | 0.020 | 0.11 (0.03 to 0.19) |
1-year‡ | 159 (63.3) | 93 (51.4) | 81 (54.7) | 0.034 | 0.08 (0.00 to 0.16) |
Hospitalizations per patient, mean (SD) | 3.2 (3.6) | 2.3 (2.3) | 2.5 (2.4) | 0.007 | 0.26 (0.10 to 0.47) |
Bold values indicate a statistically significant result.
*Effect size was calculated for significant estimates: Cohen’s d was calculated for age, BMI, peak heart rate, and hospitalizations per patient. Pearson’s r correlation was calculated for HF and 30-day, 6-month and 1-year readmission.
†Readmission within 6 months of discharge inclusive of 30 days.
‡Readmission within 1 year of discharge inclusive of 30 days and 6 months.
BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF, heart failure; HR, heart rate; METs, metabolic equivalents; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.