Demographic, anthropometric and body composition profile of cases and controls
| Variables | Unadjusted for age | Adjusted for age | ||||
| Cases (n, 85) | Controls (n, 38) | P value | Cases (n, 85) | Controls (n, 38) | P value | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.2±2.0 | 21.3±2.1 | 0.21 | 22.6±1.6 | 22.4±1.7 | 0.33 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.7±6.8 | 81.8±7.7 | <0.01 | 84.1±4.8 | 84.5±5.6 | <0.05 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 89.5±4.6 | 90.8±7.3 | 0.23 | 87.3±4.8 | 91.3±5.0 | 0.06 |
| WHR | 0.92±0.0 | 0.89±0.0 | <0.001 | 0.93±0.0 | 0.0.90±0.0 | <0.001 |
| WHt-R | 0.51±0.04 | 0.49±0.04 | 0.12 | 0.52±0.04 | 0.48±0.04 | 0.10 |
| Mid-arm circumference (cm) | 27±2.3 | 27.4±5.4 | 0.52 | 27.2±2.8 | 27.6±3.1 | 0.53 |
| Mid-thigh circumference (cm) | 48.5±3.9 | 48.7±4.8 | 0.24 | 49.7±3.8 | 48.7±4.4 | 0.26 |
| Biceps skinfolds (mm) | 12.6±7.3 | 8.2±4.1 | <0.01 | 13.8±6.3 | 8.3±5.7 | <0.01 |
| Triceps skinfolds (mm) | 13.4±5.2 | 17.9±7.4 | <0.01 | 15.5±0.3 | 19.3±6.3 | <0.01 |
| Thigh skinfold (mm) | 26.2±8.9 | 22.4±5.7 | <0.01 | 26.2±7.5 | 23.5±6.6 | <0.01 |
| Calf skinfold (mm) | 20.8±7.4 | 10.9±4.9 | <0.01 | 20.1±5.8 | 12.4±5.7 | <0.01 |
| Subscapular skinfold (mm) | 20.8±5.6 | 19.5±7.9 | 0.80 | 21.9±6.7 | 22.3±6.9 | 0.8 |
| Subscapular-triceps ratio | 1.4±0.04 | 1.3±0.09 | 0.30 | 1.4±0.03 | 1.3±0.08 | 0.29 |
| Suprailiac skinfold (horizontal) | 19.7±5.1 | 15.8±5.4 | <0.01 | 19.7±4.6 | 16.2±5.8 | <0.01 |
| Suprailiac skinfold (vertical) (mm) | 21.2±4.5 | 17.2±3.9 | <0.05 | 20.8±4.7 | 18.0±8.4 | <0.05 |
| Suprailiac skinfold (average) (mm) | 19.2±5.3 | 16.8±4.7 | <0.05 | 18.9±5.0 | 7.8±4.2 | <0.05 |
| Abdominal skinfold (vertical) (mm) | 24.1±6.5 | 24.7±5.3 | 0.87 | 24.6±8.1 | 23.8±5.7 | 0.61 |
| Abdominal skinfold (horizontal) (mm) | 22.9±6.2 | 23.7±5.4 | 0.60 | 24.6±8.1 | 24.8±5.7 | 0.91 |
| Abdominal skinfold (average) (mm) | 23.8±7.5 | 24.1±5.3 | 0.71 | 24.7±8.1 | 24.0±5.7 | 0.66 |
| Abdominal skinfolds (total) (mm) | 48.7±10.6 | 43.8±18.9 | 0.07 | 48.7±13.8 | 43.8±21.2 | 0.05 |
| Body composition (DXA) | ||||||
| Total fat mass (kg) | 17.3±4.9 | 18±5.4 | 0.46 | 16.9±3.8 | 17.5±4.7 | 0.46 |
| Truncal fat mass (kg) | 8.5±2.9 | 9.7±2.8 | <0.05 | 8.5±2.2 | 9.2±2.3 | <0.05 |
| Truncal fat (%) | 32.5±6.8 | 31.5±8.2 | 0.52 | 32.5±6.3 | 31.5±7.9 | 0.48 |
| Total fat (%) | 27.7±6.2 | 30.1±8.3 | 0.08 | 27.8±5.4 | 30.1±7.9 | 0.06 |
Values are presented as Mean±SD, P<0.05: statistically significant.
Significant P values are shown in bold.
DXA, dual energy X ray absorptiometry; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WHt-R, waist-to-height ratio.