Energy-adjusted dietary intake by diabetes status in non-pregnant adults 20+ years old from NHANES 2013–2016 crude and adjusted for age, race, and sex*
| Crude | Adjusted (age, race, sex) | |||||
| No diabetes | Diabetes | P value | No diabetes | Diabetes | P value | |
| n (unweighted) | 3352 | 947 | 3352 | 947 | ||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2178 (2133 to 2223) | 2018 (1932 to 2105) | 0.005 | 2195 (2153 to 2236) | 2115 (2027 to 2204) | 0.131 |
| Protein (% kcal) | 16.0 (15.7 to 16.4) | 16.2 (15.7 to 16.8) | 0.514 | 16.0 (15.7 to 16.4) | 16.3 (15.7 to 16.9) | 0.543 |
| Total carbohydrates (% kcal) | 47.1 (46.5 to 47.6) | 46.8 (45.9 to 47.7) | 0.625 | 47.1 (46.5 to 47.7) | 46.9 (45.9 to 47.9) | 0.699 |
| Total sugar (% kcal) | 20.4 (19.8 to 21.0) | 19.4 (18.2 to 20.6) | 0.137 | 20.4 (19.8 to 21.0) | 19.5 (18.2 to 20.9) | 0.236 |
| Fiber (g/2000 kcal) | 16 (16 to 17) | 17 (16 to 18) | 0.160 | 16 (16 to 17) | 16 (15 to 17) | 0.666 |
| Fat (% kcal) | 35.0 (34.7 to 35.4) | 35.8 (34.9 to 36.7) | 0.079 | 34.9 (34.6 to 35.3) | 35.3 (34.5 to 36.2) | 0.363 |
| Saturated fat (% kcal) | 11.4 (11.2 to 11.6) | 11.6 (11.3 to 12.0) | 0.142 | 11.4 (11.2 to 11.5) | 11.6 (11.3 to 12.0) | 0.150 |
| Monounsaturated fat (% kcal) | 12.3 (12.1 to 12.4) | 12.6 (12.2 to 12.9) | 0.105 | 12.2 (12.1 to 12.4) | 12.3 (11.9 to 12.6) | 0.946 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (% kcal) | 8.1 (7.9 to 8.3) | 8.3 (8.0 to 8.6) | 0.293 | 8.1 (7.9 to 8.2) | 8.1 (7.7 to 8.5) | 0.860 |
| Cholesterol (mg/2000 kcal) | 280 (270 to 291) | 305 (285 to 325) | 0.035 | 280 (270 to 290) | 296 (274 to 318) | 0.196 |
| Calcium (mg/2000 kcal) | 922 (894 to 951) | 969 (913 to 1025) | 0.122 | 921 (896 to 946) | 988 (930 to 1045) | 0.033 |
| Potassium (mg/2000 kcal) | 2539 (2483 to 2594) | 2687 (2592 to 2783) | 0.015 | 2513 (2459 to 2567) | 2513 (2412 to 2614) | 0.994 |
| Magnesium (mg/2000 kcal) | 294 (286 to 302) | 296 (285 to 308) | 0.739 | 292 (285 to 300) | 284 (272 to 295) | 0.266 |
| Sodium (mg/2000 kcal) | 3420 (3351 to 3488) | 3548 (3429 to 3667) | 0.102 | 3425 (3359 to 3492) | 3607 (3475 to 3740) | 0.026 |
| Overall HEI-2015 diet score† | 44.2 (43.4 to 45.0) | 44.1 (42.8 to 45.4) | 0.828 | 44.0 (43.2 to 44.8) | 42.2 (40.7 to 43.7) | 0.021 |
Bold text indicates statistical significance at the P < 0.05 level.
*Values are means (95% CIs).
†Range=0 (worst) to 100 (best).
HEI-2015, Healthy Eating Index-2015; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.