Clinical and demographic features of total cohort and comparing those achieving 10 mmol/mol (0.9%) or greater fall in HbA1c with those who did not
| Total cohort | HbA1c fell by 10 mmol/mol or greater | HbA1c did not fall by 10 mmol/mol or greater | P value | |
| N=541 | N=135 | N=406 | ||
| Male gender | 277/541 (51.2%) | 64/135 (47.4%) | 213/406 (52.5%) | 0.309 |
| Scottish index of multiple deprivation (SIMD) rank | 4705 (2695–6399) | 4746 (3245–6468) | 4684 (2647–6369) | 0.27 |
| Age (years) | 46 (34–57) | 46 (34–55) | 46 (34–58) | 0.862 |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 19 (11–31) | 19 (12–29) | 19 (11–31) | 0.482 |
| Baseline HbA1c (mmol/mol/%) | 63 (55–72)/7.9 (7.2–8.7) | 72 (65–83)/8.7 (8.1–9.7) | 61 (53–67)/7.7 (7.0–8.3) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 23 (13–34) | 24 (14–32) | 23 (13–34) | 0.454 |
| CSII | 147 (27.2%) | 33 (24.4%) | 114 (28.1%) | 0.411 |
| Interval between flash monitoring start and next eye assessment (days) | 235 (136–344) | 259 (146–361) | 225 (135–340) | 0.081 |
| Interval between flash monitoring start and final eye assessment (days) | 615 (527–863) | 660 (553–803) | 601 (520–856) | 0.109 |
| Any retinopathy present at baseline | 275 (50.8%) | 72 (53.3%) | 203 (50.0%) | 0.502 |
| Any maculopathy present at baseline | 95 (17.6%) | 30 (22.2%) | 65 (16.0%) | 0.1 |
| Prior vitreous haemorrhage | 14 (2.6%) | 5 (3.7%) | 9 (2.2%) | 0.354 |
| Prior vitrectomy | 3 (0.6%) | 2 (1.5%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.155 |
| PRP at baseline | 57 (10.5%) | 15 (11.1%) | 42 (10.3%) | 0.929 |
| Macular laser at baseline | 28 (5.2%) | 8 (5.9%) | 20 (4.9%) | 0.65 |
| Anti-VEGF at baseline | 8 (1.5%) | 3 (2.2%) | 5 (1.2%) | 0.419 |
| Composite end point at baseline | 70 (12.9%) | 21 (15.6%) | 49 (12.1%) | 0.296 |
| Smoking status | Current 52/501 (10.4%) | Current 12/126 (9.5%) | Current 40/375 (10.7%) | 0.325 |
| Ex 126/501 (25.1%) | Ex 38/126 (30.2%) | Ex 88/375 (23.5%) | ||
| Never 323/501 (64.5%) | Never 76/126 (60.3%) | Never 247/375 (65.9%) | ||
| Urinary albumin status | Macro 17/478 (3.6%) | Macro 6/122 (4.9%) | Macro 11/356 (3.1%) | 0.238 |
| Micro 34/478 (7.1%) | Micro 12/122 (9.8%) | Micro 22/356 (6.2%) | ||
| None 427/478 (89.3%) | None 104/122 (85.2%) | None 323/356 (90.7%) |
P value refers to comparison between HbA1c response groups.
CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; PRP, panretinal photocoagulation; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.