Variable | DR not developed (n=95) | DR developed (n=55) | P value |
Age (years) | 31.9±11.8 | 31±11.2 | 0.590 |
Males (%) | 47.4 | 49.1 | 0.830 |
Age of DM onset (years) | 22.3±10.5 | 15.7±11.5 | 0.001 |
Age of onset >18 years (%) | 61 | 38.1 | 0.007 |
Duration of T1DM (years) | 9.7±7.2 | 15.4±9.5 | 0.001 |
HbA1c baseline (%) | 7.6±1.3 | 7.8±1.1 | 0.040 |
HbA1c mean (%) | 7.6±1.1 | 7.8±1.1 | 0.060 |
HbA1c >7% (%) | 63.2 | 78.2 | 0.050 |
Hypertension (%) | 15.8 | 14.5 | 0.830 |
Dyslipidemia (%) | 13.7 | 21.8 | 0.190 |
Diabetic nephropathy (%) | 6.3 | 7.3 | 0.820 |
Smoking habit (%) | 25.3 | 23.6 | 0.820 |
DM, diabetes mellitus; DR, diabetic retinopathy; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; T1DM, diabetes mellitus.