Table 2

ANCOVA with LSD correction for CCM and other measures of peripheral neuropathy in controls and in patients with diabetes with increasing severity of neuropathy

ParametersControl (n=30)No neuropathy (n=51)Mild neuropathy (n=47)Moderate to severe neuropathy (n=45)P value
VPT (V)7.1±1.8012.2±1.24*15.05±1.2*25.56±1.35*†‡<0.0001
CPT (°C)25.38±2.0621.68±1.4419.52±1.47*18.99±1.55*0.06
WPT (°C)38.87±0.941.65±0.6*43.47±0.6*†43.62±0.7*†<0.001
SNCV (m/s)52.09±2.143.14±1.56*43.5±1.69*40.19±1.79*<0.001
CNFD (no./mm2)33.71±1.326.61±1.05*24.47±1.09*22.4±1.14*†<0.0001
CNBD (no./mm2)81.52±5.5464.07±4.39*58.49±4.76*45.60±4.5*†<0.0001
CNFL (mm/mm2)25.07±1.2723.31±0.9620.84±1.004*19.27±1.04*†0.002
IWL (mm/mm2)31.69±1.6624.9±1.26*22.28±1.31*19.03±1.36*†<0.0001
ANFL (mm/mm2)28.38±1.324.1±0.98*21.56±1.02*19.15±1.06*†<0.0001
  • Data presented as marginal mean±SEM.

  • *Significant difference compared with controls.

  • †Significant difference compared with no neuropathy.

  • ‡Significant difference compared with mild neuropathy.

  • ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ANFL, average nerve fiber length; CCM, corneal confocal microscopy; CNBD, corneal nerve branch density; CNFD, corneal nerve fiber density; CNFL, corneal nerve fiber length; CPT, cold perception threshold; IWL, inferior whorl length; LSD, least significant difference; SNCV, sural nerve conduction velocity; VPT, vibration perception threshold; WPT, warm perception threshold.