Baseline characteristics for the intention-to-treat population
| n | Intervention | n | Standard care | |
| Female, n (%) | 64 | 31 (48) | 34 | 16 (47) |
| Age at consent (years) | 64 | 53.6 (9.12) | 34 | 56.6 (8.1) |
| T2D duration, median (IQR), years | 64 | 4.5 (3–7.5) | 34 | 6 (3–9) |
| Educational level, median (IQR), years* | 64 | 4 (3–4) | 34 | 4 (3–4) |
| HbA1c (%) | 64 | 49.2 (9.13) | 34 | 50.1 (9.5) |
| 2-hour glucose (mg/dL) | 62 | 15.3 (4.06) | 33 | 16.3 (4) |
| Body mass (kg) | 64 | 94.7 (14.3) | 34 | 98.1 (15) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 64 | 31.4 (3.9) | 34 | 32.5 (4.5) |
| VO2max (mL O2/min) | 64 | 2713.2 (717.2) | 33 | 2635.8 (742.8) |
| Relative VO2max (mL O2/kg/min) | 64 | 28.7 (6.7) | 33 | 26.9 (6.2) |
| MHC-SF (points) | 63 | 54.4 (10) | 33 | 51.61 (13.4) |
| Languishing, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | ||
| Moderately mentally healthy, n (%) | 15 (24) | 7 (21) | ||
| Flourishing, n (%) | 48 (78) | 24 (73) | ||
| WEMWBS (points) | 58 | 55.9 (6.2) | 25 | 53.8 (9) |
| SF-36 PCS, median (IQR), points | 64 | 55.6 (50.4–57.8) | 34 | 54.7 (47.9–57.5) |
| SF-36 MCS, median (IQR), points | 64 | 56.2 (52.9–59.0) | 34 | 51.7 (41.7–57.7) |
| SF-36 Physical functioning, median (IQR), points | 64 | 55.1 (52.9–57.1) | 34 | 55.0 (48.8–57.1) |
| SF-36 Physical role functioning, median (IQR), points | 64 | 56.2 (56.2–56.2) | 34 | 56.2 (49.2–56.2) |
| SF-36 Bodily pain, median (IQR), points | 64 | 62.8 (50.8–62.7) | 34 | 55.9 (50.8–62.7) |
| SF-36 General health, median (IQR), points | 64 | 53.2 (43.9–57.9) | 34 | 49.7 (38.2–55.6) |
| SF-36 Vitality, median (IQR), points | 64 | 58.5 (51.4–65.6) | 34 | 50.2 (44.3–60.9) |
| SF-36 Social functioning, median (IQR), points | 64 | 57.1 (54.4–57.1) | 34 | 57.1 (46.3–57.1) |
| SF-36 Emotional role functioning, median (IQR), points | 64 | 55.3 (55.3–55.3) | 34 | 55.3 (44.8–55.3) |
| SF-36 Mental health, median (IQR), points | 64 | 55.0 (50.4–59.5) | 34 | 49.3 (39.1–61.8) |
| GMS Positive affect, median (IQR), points | 59 | 26 (21–31) | 28 | 23 (16–29) |
| GMS Negative affect, median (IQR), points | 59 | 6 (2–8) | 28 | 7 (3.5–12) |
Data are presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise stated.
*Corresponds to education duration beyond 12th grade.
BMI, body mass index; GMS, global mood scale; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; MCS, mental component score; MHC-SF, mental health continuum-short form; PCS, physical component score; SF-36, 36-item short form health survey; T2D, type 2 diabetes; WEMWBS, Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale.