Demographic data of the women with GDM (n=46) and control (n=26) women
| Control women | Women with GDM | t-Test | |||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P value | |
| Maternal characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 29.1 | 4.9 | 32.8 | 5.4 | 0.006 |
| Prepregnancy weight (kg) | 57.2 | 13.2 | 62.5 | 11.9 | 0.42 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 30.2 | 7.8 | 33.2 | 6.6 | 0.09 |
| SBP baseline (mm Hg) | 109 | 11 | 112 | 12 | 0.41 |
| DBP baseline (mm Hg) | 65 | 8 | 63 | 7 | 0.17 |
| Second-term SBP (mm/Hg) | 120 | 11 | 120 | 10 | 0.96 |
| second-term DBP (mm Hg) | 72 | 7 | 72 | 9 | 0.75 |
| Maternal weight at delivery (kg) | 82 | 16.2 | 84.9 | 14 | 0.44 |
| Biochemical variables | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.6 | 0.2 | 5.4 | 0.9 | 0.03 |
| Insulin result (IU/L) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.14 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 5.1 | 0.4 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 0.24 |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (mU/L) | 2.5 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 0.8 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/l) | 12.9 | 10 | 17.4 | 11.7 | 0.11 |
| Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | 16.6 | 5.8 | 21.1 | 16.9 | 0.2 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5 | 1.1 | 4.9 | 1.1 | 0.65 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.41 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 3 | 0.9 | 3 | 0.9 | 0.95 |
| Newborn characteristics | |||||
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 38.4 | 2.1 | 38.2 | 1.5 | 0.65 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3061 | 509 | 3037 | 596 | 0.875 |
DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure.