Baseline characteristics (%) of the study sample by glycemic status; 1979–1982
| Total N=2844 | Normoglycemia N=1019 | Pre-diabetes N=1388 | Type-2-DM N=437 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 49.5 | 43.2 | 53.2 | 52.6 |
| Women | 50.5 | 56.8 | 46.8 | 47.4 |
| Age (years) mean±SD | 52.0±8.2 | 50.0±8.0 | 52.4±8.0 | 55.0±8.0 |
| Range | 28–69 | 31–69 | 35–69 | 28–69 |
| Ethnic origin | ||||
| Europe/America | 30.6 | 31.1 | 31.7 | 26.1 |
| Middle East | 24.7 | 25.2 | 25.3 | 21.7 |
| North Africa | 20.3 | 20.1 | 19.2 | 24.0 |
| Yemen | 24.4 | 23.6 | 23.8 | 28.2 |
| BMI* (kg/m2) mean±SD | 26.2±4.2 | 25.1±3.8 | 26.4±4.1 | 27.9±4.8 |
| <25.0 | 42.9 | 23.2 | 39.1 | 30.7 |
| 25.0–26.9 | 20.0 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 17.5 |
| 27.0–29.9 | 21.3 | 17.1 | 23.7 | 23.3 |
| 30.0+ | 15.9 | 9.5 | 16.6 | 28.5 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| Systolic, mean±SD | 133.3±22.4 | 127.1±19.7 | 133.4±21.5 | 147.3±24.3 |
| Diastolic, mean±SD | 84.5±11.6 | 82.2±11.1 | 85.1±11.5 | 88.2±11.8 |
| % hypertensive | 34.5 | 25.0 | 34.7 | 56.3 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Current or past | 41.3 | 41.1 | 41.6 | 40.7 |
| Never | 58.7 | 58.9 | 58.4 | 59.3 |
| Mortality | 72.3 | 60.1 | 74.4 | 94.1 |
*Missing BMI—38.
BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus.