Metabolic measurements in BA and WE men
| BA (n=23) | WE (n=23) | Mean difference or ratio of geometric mean (95% CI) | P value | |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.05 (0.35) | 5.15 (0.34) | 0.10 (−0.11 to 0.30) | 0.36 |
| iAUC glucose (mmol/L×180 min)‡ | 92.7 (68.4, 125.6) | 96.8 (63.1, 148.4) | 1.04 (0.63 to 1.74) | 0.86 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L)‡ | 51.7 (41.4, 64.6) | 54.5 (42.3, 70.1) | 1.05 (0.76 to 1.46) | 0.75 |
| iAUC insulin (pmol/L×180 min)‡ | 47.6 (39.1, 58.0) ×103 | 40.9 (31.2, 53.4) ×103 | 0.86 (0.62 to 1.18) | 0.33 |
| Fasting C peptide (nmol/L)‡ | 1.53 (1.27, 1.84) | 1.82 (1.48, 2.23) | 1.19 (0.91 to 1.56) | 0.21 |
| AUCC peptide (nmol/L×180 min) | 207.7 (81.3) | 271.2 (175) | 63.5 (−17.7 to 144.7) | 0.13 |
| AUCISR (pmol/m2 BSA×180 min)‡ | 41.1 (35.5, 47.6) ×103 | 46.5 (36.7, 58.9) ×103 | 1.13 (0.86 to 1.48) | 0.37 |
| Mean IPL (%)*†‡ | 6.33 (5.24, 7.65) | 6.24 (5.11, 7.62) | 0.99 (0.75 to 1.29) | 0.92 |
| M/I* (mg/kg FFM/min)/(pmol/L) | 0.0171 (0.0059) | 0.0189 (0.0094) | 0.00184 (−0.0030 to 0.0066) | 0.44 |
| Insulin clearance (mL/m2 BSA/min) | 697 (171) | 819 (173) | 122 (18.3 to 225) | 0.006 |
| Visceral adipose tissue (cm2)† | 48.2 (35.5, 64.6) | 79.0 (55.0, 112.2) | 1.64 (1.05 to 2.56) | 0.035 |
| Fasting NEFAs (mmol/L)‡ | 0.38 (0.29, 0.51) | 0.42 (0.33, 0.54) | 1.09 (0.75 to 1.59) | 0.63 |
| AUC NEFAs (mmol/L×180 min) | 37.5 (31.2, 45.1) | 31.0 (25.3, 37.8) | 0.82 (0.63 to 1.07) | 0.15 |
| Fasting GLP-1 (pmol/L) | 16.2 (9.0) | 16.8 (8.5) | 0.61 (−4.6 to 5.9) | 0.82 |
| Fasting GIP (ng/L) | 164.6 (71.0) | 202.5 (69.7) | 37.9 (−4.4 to 80.2) | 0.08 |
| iAUC GLP-1 (pmol/L×180 min)‡ | 1186.6 (849.2, 1658.1) | 1580.9 (1232.3, 2028.6) | 1.09 (0.75 to 1.59) | 0.16 |
| iAUC GIP (ng/L×180 min)‡ | 44 937 (32 501, 62 116) | 36 149 (25 509, 51 239) | 0.80 (0.51 to 1.28) | 0.35 |
| Fasting glucagon (ng/L)‡ | 66.2 (52.5, 83.4) | 70.2 (57.3, 86.1) | 1.06 (0.79 to 1.43) | 0.69 |
| iAUC glucagon (ng/L×30 min)‡ | 564.3 (319.3, 997.2) | 813.8 (615.2, 1076) | 1.44 (0.78 to 2.68) | 0.23 |
| iAUC glucagon (ng/L×180 min)‡ | 4535 (3003, 6849) | 5111 (3546, 7367) | 1.13 (0.66 to 1.91) | 0.65 |
Data presented as mean (SD) and mean difference, or geometric mean (95% CI) and ratio of the geometric mean for log-transformed data.
Differences between the two ethnic groups were determined using independent samples t-tests.
*Previously reported data.27 28
†BA n=20, WE n=23.
‡Log-transformed.
AUC, area under the curve; AUCISR, total endogenous beta cell insulin secretory response; BA, black African; BSA, body surface area; FFM, fat-free mass; GIP, gastric inhibitory polypeptide; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; iAUC, incremental area under the curve; IPL, intrapancreatic lipid; M/I, insulin sensitivity corrected for insulin concentrations; NEFAs, non-esterified fatty acids; WE, white European.