Demographic and clinical characteristics | Dental health status | ||||
Male | 47 (66.2%) | Number of teeth | 22.4±6.8 | ||
Age, years | 59.6±13.0 | Periodontal diagnosis* | |||
Smoking | Never | 34 (47.9%) | Healthy | 3 (4.2%) | |
Former | 28 (39.4%) | Gingivitis | 0 (0%) | ||
Current | 9 (12.7%) | Periodontitis stage I | 1 (1.4%) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6±4.5 | Periodontitis stage II | 9 (12.7%) | ||
≥25 | 28 (39.4%) | Periodontitis stage III | 24 (33.8%) | ||
<25 | 43 (60.6%) | Periodontitis stage IV | 34 (47.9%) | ||
VFA (cm2) | 98.9±46.3 | PISA (mm2) | 254.2±240.8 | ||
≥100 | 40 (56.3%) | PESA (mm2) | 930.8±385.5 | ||
<100 | 31 (43.7%) | PPD≥7 mm (%) | 1.2±3.1 | ||
HbA1c (%) | 9.4±1.9 | PPD 4–6 mm (%) | 10.0±10.4 | ||
FPG (mg/dL) | 158.7±55.4 | PPD≤3 mm (%) | 88.8±12.7 | ||
Duration of diabetes (years) | 11.1±8.4 | BOP (%) | 22.8±17.2 | ||
Nephropathy | Normoalbuminuria | 45 (63.4%) | Full-mouth plaque control record (%) | 45.6±25.1 | |
Microalbuminuria | 23 (32.4%) | ||||
Macroalbuminuria | 3 (4.2%) | ||||
Retinopathy | Absence of retinopathy | 45 (63.4%) | |||
Non-proliferative retinopathy | 16 (22.5%) | ||||
Proliferative retinopathy | 7 (9.9%) | ||||
Angina myocardial infarction | 15 (21.1%) | ||||
Cerebrovascular disorder | 1 (1.4%) | ||||
Hypertension | 41 (57.8%) | ||||
Dyslipidemia | 47 (66.2%) | ||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 181.0±41.1 | ||||
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 108.8±33.8 | ||||
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 45.9±11.3 | ||||
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 160.8±115.2 | ||||
Urine albumin (mg/day) | 70.0±220.5 | ||||
serum CPR (ng/ml) | 1.6±0.8 | ||||
Urine CPR (µg/day) | 71.5±48.0 | ||||
C-peptide index | 1.1±0.7 | ||||
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 77.6±23.9 |
Data are number of subjects (%) or mean±SD.
*Criteria for staging according the description of classification Papapanou et al.25
BMI, body mass index; BOP, bleeding on probing; CPR, connecting peptide immunoreactivity; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fating plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PESA, periodontal epithelial surface area; PISA, periodontal inflamed surface area; PPD, probing pocket depth; VFA, visceral fat area.