Association between famine exposure and diabetes incidence
| Cases, n | Crude rate in 5 years, % | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Non-exposed (1975 and later) | 5 | 2 | 0.49 (0.19 to 1.30) | 0.84 (0.25 to 2.85) | 0.86 (0.24 to 3.03) |
| Fetal-exposed (1959–1962) | 29 | 12.5 | 2.97 (1.65 to 5.31) | 2.22 (1.08 to 4.57) | 2.11 (1.01 to 4.44) |
| Childhood-exposed (1949–1958) | 62 | 10.6 | 2.87 (1.76 to 4.67) | 1.63 (0.61 to 4.32) | 1.73 (0.63 to 4.74) |
| Adolescence/adult-exposed (1921–1948) | 17 | 7.9 | 2.01 (1.05 to 3.87) | 0.75 (0.15 to 3.75) | 0.99 (0.19 to 5.25) |
| Non-exposed (1963–1974) | 24 | 3.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
Data are risk ratios (95% CI).
Model 1 was unadjusted. Model 2 was adjusted for age, gender, current smoking, and rural/urban residence. Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, rural/urban residence, BMI category (less than 23 kg/m², 23–24 kg/m², and 25 kg/m² or more), hypertension and dyslipidemia.
Bold indicates P<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; ref, reference.