Characteristics of the participants without impaired fasting glucose at baseline
| All | Development of diabetes (−) | Development of diabetes (+) | P value | |
| N | 19 031 | 18 716 | 315 | – |
| Age (years) | 42.11 (6.06) | 42.07 (6.06) | 44.54 (5.14) | <0.0001 |
| Sex (male/female) | 15 542/3489 | 15 245/3471 | 297/18 | <0.0001 |
| BMI at baseline (kg/m2) | 21.53 (2.04) | 21.52 (2.04) | 22.56 (1.79) | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 115.92 (13.06) | 115.84 (13.02) | 120.76 (14.40) | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 72.35 (10.10) | 72.28 (10.07) | 76.71 (10.92) | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 119.45 (29.85) | 119.28 (29.73) | 129.21 (35.17) | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 62.23 (15.13) | 62.30 (15.14) | 57.70 (14.21) | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 100.36 (73.45) | 99.83 (73.26) | 131.73 (78.32) | <0.0001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 91.10 (7.53) | 90.96 (7.45) | 99.77 (7.45) | <0.0001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.68 (1.33) | 5.67 (1.33) | 6.21 (1.37) | <0.0001 |
| Smoking (non/past/current) | 10 183/2518/6330 | 10 071/2477/6168 | 112/41/162 | <0.0001 |
| Eating speed (fast/normal/slow) | 5543/11 917/1571 | 5429/11 730/1557 | 114/187/14 | 0.003 |
| Skipping breakfast (+/−) | 4046/14 985 | 3957/14 759 | 89/226 | 0.002 |
| Alcohol drinker (+/−) | 5040/13 991 | 4928/13 788 | 112/203 | 0.002 |
| Physical exercise (+/−) | 2892/16 139 | 2838/15 878 | 54/261 | 0.34 |
| CV of BMI (%) | 2.22 (0.96) | 2.21 (0.96) | 2.35 (1.08) | 0.016 |
Data are presented as mean (SD) or absolute number.
BMI, body mass index; CV, coefficient of variation; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.