Participant characteristics by HbA1c status
| HbA1c (unweighted n) | ||||
| Variables | <7.0% (n=264) | ≥7.0% (n=201) | Overall (N=465) | P value |
| Age (years), mean | 65.64 | 64.09 | 64.91 | 0.07 |
| Female (%) | 46.28 | 47.80 | 46.94 | 0.75 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | 0.02 | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 67.70 | 54.83 | 62.13 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 14.52 | 16.80 | 15.51 | |
| Hispanic | 10.75 | 14.63 | 12.43 | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 3.98 | 4.89 | 4.37 | |
| Other race/multiracial | 3.05 | 8.85 | 5.56 | |
| Education | ||||
| High school graduate/equivalent or higher (%) | 68.19 | 76.20 | 71.65 | 0.06 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean | 31.34 | 34.16 | 32.56 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes duration (%) | 0.005 | |||
| <10 years | 52.68 | 40.01 | 47.20 | |
| 10–20 years | 25.48 | 39.10 | 31.38 | |
| ≥20 years | 21.84 | 20.89 | 21.43 | |
| Diabetes medications (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| None | 20.83 | 5.76 | 14.31 | |
| Oral medication only | 64.46 | 52.12 | 59.11 | |
| Insulin use (may also include oral) | 14.71 | 42.12 | 26.58 | |
| Need special equipment to walk (%) | 19.90 | 26.85 | 22.90 | 0.08 |
HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.