Unhealthy behaviors of study participants with diabetes by depressive symptom severity
| Estimated proportion (%) | Depressive symptom severity* | P value | ||||
| None 0–4 | Mild 5–9 | Moderate 10–14 | Moderately severe 15–19 | Severe 20 and higher | ||
| Total (n)† | 21 529 750 | 5 931 984 | 2 246 573 | 1 033 388 | 447 321 | |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30) | 57.4 | 64.7 | 74.9 | 80.1 | 65.9 | <0.001 |
| Ever-smokers | 48.2 | 55.5 | 61.3 | 58.9 | 68.8 | 0.001 |
| Binge drinking | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 19.1 | 19.8 | 0.997 |
| Physical inactivity | 56.5 | 67.4 | 73.6 | 67.3 | 83.9 | <0.001 |
χ2 test was used.
*Depressive symptom severity was based on PHQ-9 score.
†Data are weighted to the non-institutionalized US population.
BMI, body mass index; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9.