Total population n=18 619 | Normal PP and baPWV n=5295 | Normal PP and increased baPWV n=3506 | Increased PP and normal baPWV n=3982 | Increased PP and baPWV n=5836 | P value | |
Age (year) | 47.65±12.32 | 47.99±12.26 | 46.89±12.62 | 47.01±12.34 | 48.24±12.13 | <0.001 |
Male (%) | 12 458 (66.91) | 3644 (68.82) | 2437 (69.51) | 2563 (64.36) | 3814 (65.35) | <0.001 |
SBP (mm Hg) | 127.96±18.07 | 115.62±12.55 | 121.76±13.34 | 131.07±15.07 | 140.75±17.49 | <0.001 |
DBP (mm Hg) | 81.70±10.91 | 78.59±9.56 | 83.67±10.59 | 78.77±10.35 | 85.32±11.25 | <0.001 |
PP (mm Hg) | 46.26±12.52 | 37.03±6.97 | 38.09±6.71 | 52.30±9.73 | 55.42±11.77 | <0.001 |
BaPWV (cm/s) | 1466.99±321.18 | 1283.23±181.77 | 1602.27±303.47 | 1293.32±184.92 | 1670.95±341.60 | <0.001 |
BaPWV ≥1.4 k cm/s (%) | 9489 (50.96) | 1079 (20.38) | 2747 (78.35) | 870 (21.85) | 4793 (82.13) | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 24.71±3.36 | 24.27±3.28 | 24.61±3.35 | 24.75±3.24 | 25.13±3.44 | <0.001 |
FBG (mmol/L) | 5.19±0.67 | 5.10±0.58 | 5.19±0.88 | 5.19±0.60 | 5.28±0.63 | <0.001 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.02±1.60 | 4.94±1.87 | 5.00±1.32 | 4.99±1.38 | 5.13±1.62 | <0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.22 (0.84–1.84) | 1.14 (0.80–1.68) | 1.28 (0.89–2.00) | 1.13 (0.78–1.71) | 1.32 (0.90–2.01) | <0.001 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.64±0.90 | 2.56±0.92 | 2.63±1.04 | 2.64±0.81 | 2.72±0.83 | <0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.50±0.71 | 1.50±0.45 | 1.49±0.71 | 1.50±0.66 | 1.50±0.90 | 0.822 |
hs-CRP (mg/L)* | −0.55±2.62 | −0.57±2.45 | −0.47±2.56 | −0.65±2.71 | −0.51±2.74 | 0.012 |
Smoking (%) | 6708 (36.03) | 1943 (36.69) | 1362 (38.85) | 1300 (32.65) | 2103 (36.03) | 0.002 |
Drinking (%) | 5727 (30.76) | 1709 (32.28) | 1186 (33.83) | 1080 (27.12) | 1752 (30.02) | 0.007 |
Exercise (%) | 1687 (9.06) | 565 (10.67) | 316 (9.01) | 331 (8.31) | 475 (8.14) | <0.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 6551 (35.18) | 968 (18.28) | 1211 (34.54) | 1220 (30.64) | 3152 (54.01) | |
Blood pressure lowering agents (%) | 2311 (12.41) | 321 (6.06) | 461 (13.15) | 361 (9.07) | 1168 (20.01) | <0.001 |
Lipid-lowering drugs (%) | 164 (0.88) | 36 (0.68) | 37 (1.06) | 25 (0.63) | 66 (1.13) | 0.013 |
P, comparison of baseline characteristics between different PP and baPWV groups.
*Log10 transformation.
baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PP, pulse pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.