SHR and 95% CI of the UACR trajectory groups for incident ESKD and all-cause death
| UACR trajectory groups | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
| SHR (95% CI) | P value | SHR (95% CI) | P value | SHR (95% CI) | P value | |
| ESKD | ||||||
| ‘Low-stable’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| ‘High-decreasing’ | 5.77 (2.57 to 7.58) | <0.001 | 4.28 (1.28 to 6.32) | 0.008 | 2.04 (1.02 to 3.32) | 0.047 |
| ‘High-increasing’ | 10.61 (4.47 to 14.38) | <0.001 | 8.32 (2.92 to 13.63) | <0.001 | 7.55 (1.82 to 10.21) | 0.006 |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| ‘Low-stable’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| ‘High-decreasing’ | 0.74 (0.45 to 1.77) | 0.163 | 0.49 (0.23 to 0.77) | 0.477 | 0.48 (0.28 to 0.87) | 0.439 |
| ‘High-increasing’ | 2.67 (1.67 to 10.67) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.34 to 6.78) | 0.001 | 1.72 (1.43 to 6.80) | 0.018 |
Model 1: univariable (‘low-stable’ group as reference).
Model 2: adjusted for demographic characteristics at baseline (age, gender, BMI, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, use of RAS blocker, use of glucose-lowering agents, use of lipid-lowering agents, ever having smoked, and history of cardiovascular disease).
Model 3: model 2 + adjusted for laboratory characteristics at baseline (hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, eGFR, and UACR).
BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; SHR, subdistribution HR; UACR, urine albumin to creatinine ratio.