Table 2

Adjusted ORs with associated 95% CIs of joint MHAO with NAFLD for diabetes and prediabetes plus diabetes

Variables	Diabetes			Prediabetes plus diabetes
Variables	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Model 1
Abdominal obesity
MUAO versus MHAO	15.90	5.84 to 43.31	<0.001*	4.81	3.28 to 7.07	<0.001*
NAFLD
NAFLD versus non-NAFLD	2.95	2.21 to 3.92	<0.001*	2.93	2.06 to 4.16	<0.001*
Hepatic steatosis indices for all subjects and stratified by MUAO/MHAO
FLI for all subjects	1.03	1.02 to 1.04	<0.001*	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001*
FLI for subjects with MHAO	1.05	1.00 to 1.10	0.072	1.01	1.00 to 1.03	0.131
FLI for subjects with MUAO	1.02	1.02 to 1.03	<0.001*	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.010*
HSI for all subjects	1.24	1.20 to 1.28	<0.001*	1.12	1.07 to 1.17	<0.001*
HSI for subjects with MHAO	1.23	1.03 to 1.47	0.022*	1.06	0.98 to 1.15	0.158
HSI for subjects with MUAO	1.23	1.19 to 1.27	<0.001*	1.11	1.05 to 1.16	<0.001*
Abdominal obesity and NAFLD
MHAO and non-NAFLD	1.00			1.00
MHAO and NAFLD	5.68	0.58 to 55.96	0.136	3.30	1.55 to 7.02	0.002*
MUAO and non-NAFLD	22.34	3.07 to 162.70	0.002*	4.59	2.85 to 7.40	<0.001*
MUAO and NAFLD	57.49	7.97 to 414.93	<0.001*	10.14	6.17 to 16.66	<0.001*
Trend test			<0.001*			<0.001*
Model 2
Abdominal obesity
MUAO versus MHAO	15.84	5.81 to 43.17	<0.001*	4.53	3.07 to 6.69	<0.001*
NAFLD
NAFLD versus non-NAFLD	2.94	2.20 to 3.92	<0.001*	2.92	2.04 to 4.17	<0.001*
Hepatic steatosis indices for all subjects and stratified by MUAO/MHAO
FLI for all subjects	1.03	1.02 to 1.03	<0.001*	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001*
FLI for subjects with MHAO	1.06	1.00 to 1.11	0.045*	1.01	0.99 to 1.03	0.191
FLI for subjects with MUAO	1.02	1.02 to 1.03	<0.001*	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.006*
HSI for all subjects	1.24	1.19 to 1.28	<0.001*	1.12	1.07 to 1.17	<0.001*
HSI for subjects with MHAO	1.21	1.01 to 1.45	0.042*	1.05	0.96 to 1.14	0.268
HSI for subjects with MUAO	1.23	1.19 to 1.27	<0.001*	1.11	1.05 to 1.16	<0.001*
Abdominal obesity and NAFLD
MHAO and non-NAFLD	1.00			1.00
MHAO and NAFLD	5.61	0.57 to 55.27	0.140	3.05	1.42 to 6.53	0.004*
MUAO and non-NAFLD	22.08	3.03 to 160.88	0.002*	4.18	2.57 to 6.78	<0.001*
MUAO and NAFLD	56.68	7.85 to 409.28	<0.001*	9.32	5.64 to 15.40	<0.001*
Trend test			<0.001*			<0.001*
Model 3
Abdominal obesity
MUAO versus MHAO	9.40	3.38 to 26.14	<0.001*	4.58	2.84 to 7.41	<0.001*
NAFLD
NAFLD versus non-NAFLD	2.02	1.47 to 2.77	<0.001*	2.26	1.52 to 3.37	<0.001*
Hepatic steatosis indices for all subjects and stratified by MUAO/MHAO
FLI for all subjects	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001*	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	0.002*
FLI for subjects with MHAO	1.20	1.01 to 1.42	0.041*	1.01	0.99 to 1.04	0.192
FLI for subjects with MUAO	1.02	1.01 to 1.03	<0.001*	1.01	1.00 to 1.03	0.021*
HSI for all subjects	1.22	1.18 to 1.27	<0.001*	1.10	1.05 to 1.15	<0.001*
HSI for subjects with MHAO	1.31	1.01 to 1.70	0.039*	1.04	0.95 to 1.14	0.409
HSI for subjects with MUAO	1.22	1.18 to 1.27	<0.001*	1.12	1.06 to 1.18	<0.001*
Abdominal obesity and NAFLD
MHAO and non-NAFLD	1.00			1.00
MHAO and NAFLD	5.10	0.52 to 50.30	0.163	2.87	1.32 to 6.27	0.008*
MUAO and non-NAFLD	17.02	2.32 to 124.98	0.005*	4.99	2.88 to 8.62	<0.001*
MUAO and NAFLD	32.95	4.49 to 241.86	0.001*	10.17	5.41 to 19.11	<0.001*
Trend test			<0.001*			<0.001*

Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex.
Model 2 was further adjusted for educational level, ever smoking, ever drinking and physical activity.
Model 3 was further adjusted for BMI, systolic and diastolic BP, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and serum uric acid.
*P<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; FLI, fatty liver index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HSI, hepatic steatosis index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MHAO, metabolically healthy abdominal obesity; MUAO, metabolically unhealthy abdominal obesity; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.