Table 1

Group member characteristics

Age<45 years2
45–64 years4
65+ years2
GenderWoman5
Man3
EthnicityWhite/Caucasian5
Other3
Housing status at beginning of studyRough sleeping1
Stable resident of shelter2
Transitional or temporary housing2
Tenuously/unstably housed3
Duration of homelessness/unstable housingRange8 months–12 years
Mean2.81 years
Diabetes typeType 10
Type 28
Duration of diabetesRange18 months–23 years
Mean7.21 years
Diabetes treatmentLifestyle only (no medical therapy)2
Non-insulin medications only3
Insulin injections±other medications3
Diabetes care providers
Medical doctorPrimary care only
Specialist involvement
5
3
Allied health providersNurse/diabetes educator
Dietitian/diabetes educator
Pharmacist
1
2
1
Diabetes complications (self-reported)Coronary disease/myocardial infarction2
Stroke/cerebrovascular accident2
Foot ulcers (wounds), gangrene, amputations1
Diabetic nephropathy1
Diabetic retinopathy1
Neuropathy symptoms5
Comorbidities (self-reported)Hypertension7
Hypercholesterolemia5
Obesity6
Sleep apnea4
Depression6
Anxiety problems4
Psychosis2
Alcohol addiction4
Drug addiction5