Predictors of obesity, pre-diabetes and MetS-WC at 1-year PP*
| All factors included | OR (95% CI) | Factors not contained in MetS-WC definition§ | OR (95% CI) |
| Predictors of obesity | |||
| BMI before pregnancy† | 1.70 (1.40 to 2.07) | WHO well-being score at 6–8 weeks PP | 0.98 (0.96 to 1.00) |
| Treatment during pregnancy (metformin, insulin) | 3.17 (0.93 to 10.8) | Treatment during pregnancy (metformin, insulin)† | 2.39 (1.10 to 5.17) |
| Predictors of pre-diabetes | |||
| BMI before pregnancy | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | Family history of diabetes† | 2.10 (1.05 to 4.20) |
| Fasting glucose at 6–8 weeks PP† | 3.23 (1.32 to 7.92) | Personal history of GDM | 2.82 (0.80 to 9.99) |
| 2-hour plasma glucose at 6–8 weeks PP | 1.28 (0.95 to 1.72) | Employed during pregnancy | 0.59 (0.29 to 1.19) |
| HbA1c at 6–8 weeks PP | 2.75 (0.85 to 8.84) | ||
| Family history of diabetes | 1.88 (0.88 to 4.05) | ||
| Predictors of metabolic syndrome‡ | |||
| Systolic blood pressure at end of pregnancy† | 1.08 (1.01 to 1.15) | Family history of diabetes | 2.15 (0.88 to 5.27) |
| Systolic blood pressure at 6–8 weeks PP† | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.15) | ||
| 2-hour plasma glucose at 6–8 weeks PP† | 1.59 (1.07 to 2.37) | ||
| HDL-cholesterol at 6–8 weeks PP† | 0.05 (0.01 to 0.29) | ||
*Factors were first selected in univariate analyses, then in a multiple stepwise regression with a cut-off p value ≤0.20. This tables lists only the significant factors after backward selection.
†Significant predictors (p<0.05).
‡Defined by waist circumference.
§Non-metabolic factors are listed in online supplemental table 1.
BMI, body mass index; GDM, gestational diabetes; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; MetS, metabolic syndrome; PP, postpartum; WC, waist circumference.