Baseline characteristics of DEVOTE participants by baseline HGI tertile
| Baseline HGI tertile | |||
| Low (n=2493) | Moderate (n=2498) | High (n=2495) | |
| HbA1c, % | |||
| Median (IQR) | 7.00 (6.60 to 7.60) | 8.00 (7.50 to 8.60) | 9.70 (8.90 to 10.80) |
| Mean (SD) | 7.14 (0.89) | 8.14 (0.93) | 10.00 (1.51) |
| FPG, mg/dL | 173.7 (67.3) | 165.3 (66.5) | 176.0 (76.7) |
| Mean 8-point SMBG, mg/dL | 138.67 (32.31) | 145.09 (34.23) | 152.71 (39.25) |
| Age, years | 65.8 (7.4) | 65.3 (7.4) | 63.8 (7.2) |
| Weight, kg | 98.2 (22.8) | 96.8 (22.4) | 93.5 (23.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 33.9 (6.8) | 33.9 (6.8) | 33.0 (6.9) |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | |||
| Systolic BP | 135.1 (17.7) | 135.2 (17.7) | 136.2 (18.6) |
| Diastolic BP | 75.6 (10.2) | 75.8 (10.2) | 77.1 (10.6) |
| Pulse rate, bpm | 72.3 (11.1) | 72.9 (11.3) | 74.0 (11.5) |
| Sex—female, n (%) | 851 (34.1) | 935 (37.4) | 1012 (40.6) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 2063 (82.8) | 1904 (76.2) | 1704 (68.3) |
| Black or African American | 210 (8.4) | 266 (10.6) | 334 (13.4) |
| Asian | 168 (6.7) | 243 (9.7) | 349 (14.0) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 298 (12.0) | 350 (14.0) | 467 (18.7) |
| Other | 52 (2.1) | 85 (3.4) | 108 (4.3) |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | |||
| Current | 262 (10.5) | 282 (11.3) | 293 (11.7) |
| Former | 1228 (49.3) | 1057 (42.3) | 1012 (40.6) |
| Never | 1003 (40.2) | 1158 (46.4) | 1189 (47.7) |
| Unknown | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | |
| Insulin use, n (%) | |||
| Insulin naive | 351 (14.1) | 449 (18.0) | 405 (16.2) |
| Basal only | 912 (36.6) | 945 (37.8) | 976 (39.1) |
| Basal–bolus* | 1230 (49.3) | 1104 (44.2) | 1114 (44.6) |
| CV risk, n (%) | |||
| Established CVD/CKD | 2178 (87.4) | 2131 (85.3) | 2076 (83.2) |
| High-risk CVD | 308 (12.4) | 360 (14.4) | 411 (16.5) |
| Unknown | 7 (0.3) | 7 (0.3) | 8 (0.3) |
| eCCr, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 90.00 (35.50) | 90.93 (36.53) | 92.85 (37.16) |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 65.93 (21.26) | 67.12 (21.24) | 70.81 (21.83) |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | |||
| Total | 4.11 (1.10) | 4.23 (1.19) | 4.49 (1.33) |
| LDL | 2.09 (0.86) | 2.17 (0.91) | 2.37 (1.03) |
| HDL | 1.14 (0.34) | 1.15 (0.33) | 1.16 (0.33) |
| Triglycerides | 2.01 (1.53) | 2.05 (1.72) | 2.18 (2.12) |
Data are mean (SD), unless otherwise indicated.
*Including premixed insulin and bolus-only regimens.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; bpm, beats per minute; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CV, cardiovascular; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eCCr, estimated creatinine clearance; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HGI, hemoglobin glycation index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SMBG, self-measured blood glucose.