Multiple logistic regression with advanced diabetic retinopathy as the dependent variable
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age | 0.96 | 0.94 to 0.99 | 0.0018 | 0.97 | 0.94 to 0.99 | 0.0037 | 0.97 | 0.95 to 0.99 | 0.026 | 0.96 | 0.94 to 0.99 | 0.0050 |
| Duration | 1.06 | 1.03 to 1.09 | <0.0001 | 1.06 | 1.03 to 1.09 | <0.0001 | 1.06 | 1.03 to 1.09 | <0.0001 | 1.05 | 1.02 to 1.08 | 0.0021 |
| Smoking | 0.73 | 0.45 to 1.18 | 0.20 | 0.73 | 0.46 to 1.18 | 0.20 | 0.76 | 0.47 to 1.22 | 0.25 | 0.74 | 0.46 to 1.21 | 0.23 |
| HbA1c | 1.09 | 0.96 to 1.25 | 0.18 | 1.10 | 0.96 to 1.25 | 0.18 | 1.08 | 0.94 to 1.24 | 0.25 | 1.09 | 0.95 to 1.25 | 0.21 |
| CPI | 0.63 | 0.42 to 0.90 | 0.015 | 0.62 | 0.41 to 0.91 | 0.019 | 0.54 | 0.35 to 0.81 | 0.0036 | 0.56 | 0.36 to 0.83 | 0.0052 |
| HT | 2.18 | 1.24 to 3.86 | 0.0072 | 2.15 | 1.20 to 3.87 | 0.011 | 1.91 | 1.07 to 3.42 | 0.030 | 1.85 | 1.03 to 3.33 | 0.040 |
| HUA | 2.35 | 1.33 to 4.16 | 0.0032 | 2.35 | 1.33 to 4.16 | 0.0032 | 2.45 | 1.38 to 4.36 | 0.0023 | 2.38 | 1.34 to 4.25 | 0.0033 |
| BMI | 1.01 | 0.95 to 1.07 | 0.85 | |||||||||
| MBBO | 1.05 | 1.00 to 1.11 | 0.041 | 1.05 | 1.00 to 1.11 | 0.033 | ||||||
| Δyear | 1.03 | 1.00 to 1.05 | 0.023 | |||||||||
| AUC: 0.704 | AUC: 0.701 | AUC: 0.715 | AUC: 0.723 | |||||||||
Model 1: all explanatory variables except BMI on admission, MBBO, and age at MBBO were included and then excluded if the variable was not statistically significant at a 20% level (p<0.20) via stepwise backward elimination. Model 2: model 1+BMI on admission; model 3: model 1+MBBO; model 4: model 3+Δyear.
AUC, area under the curve; BMI, body mass index; CPI, C-peptide index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HT, hypertension; HUA, hyperuricemia; MBBO, maximum BMI before onset; Δyear, the period from age at MBBO to admission.