Variation of risk factors and complications according to socioeconomic deprivation categories, in young people with T1D and T2D
| Type | NZDep categories | P value | |||||
| 1–2 | 3–4 | 5–6 | 7–8 | 9–10 | |||
| Number of people (%) | T1D | 127 (17.5%) | 128 (17.5%) | 154 (21%) | 117 (16%) | 201 (28%) | <0.001† |
| T2D | 60 (4.5%) | 109 (8%) | 126 (9.5%) | 262 (19.5%) | 789 (58.5%) | ||
| Mean BMI kg/m2 (SD) | T1D | 24.4 (3.6) | 25.2 (4.7) | 25.8 (4.7) | 26.9 (5.6) | 26.4 (6.0) | 0.0014* |
| T2D | 33.3 (7.9) | 36.0 (8.3) | 35.2 (8.0) | 35.7 (8.2) | 37.7 (9.6) | <0.001* | |
| Mean HbA1c mmol/mol (SD) (HbA1c %) | T1D | 66 (16)(8.2%) | 70 (20)(8.6%) | 71 (20)(8.6%) | 74 (23)(8.9%) | 82 (24)(9.7%) | <0.001* |
| T2D | 70 (23)(8.6%) | 70 (24)(8.6%) | 75 (26)(9.0%) | 80 (22)(9.5%) | 82 (23)(9.7%) | <0.001* | |
| Per cent (n) people that ever smoked | T1D | 26 (33/127) | 25 (32/128) | 29 (44/154) | 31 (36/117) | 38 (77/201) | 0.059† |
| T2D | 40 (24/60) | 26 (28/109) | 37 (46/126) | 40 (105/262) | 42 (331/789) | 0.025† | |
| ACR >3.5 g/mol (%) | T1D | 15 (14/96) | 17 (16/92) | 18 (21/115) | 25 (18/73) | 30 (46/154) | 0.001† |
| T2D | 34 (13/38) | 50 (35/70) | 47 (42/89) | 60 (113/188) | 66 (377/570) | <0.001† | |
| ACR >30 g/mol (%) | T1D | 3 (3/96) | 1 (1/92) | 8 (9/115) | 0 (0/73) | 9 (14/154) | 0.010† |
| T2D | 11 (4/38) | 13 (9/69) | 19 (17/89) | 19 (35/188) | 30 (170/570) | 0.002† | |
| CVD risk estimate (%) | T1D | 4.3 (3.1, 5.8) | 4.6 (3.4, 6.7) | 4.9 (3.5, 7.1) | 4.9 (3.7, 6.8) | 5.5 (4.0, 7.8) | 0.0002‡ |
| T2D | 7.0 (5.1, 9.4) | 6.6 (4.9, 9.) | 7.1 (5.2, 10.1) | 7.7 (5.3, 10.8) | 8.9 (5.7, 12.6) | <0.001‡ | |
| Proportion (%) with (n) composite outcome | T1D | 1 (2/127) | 3 (4/128) | 0.6 (1/154) | 3 (3/117) | 7 (15/201) | <0.001† |
| T2D | 5 (3/60) | 11 (12/109) | 5 (6/126) | 6 (16/262) | 9 (69/789) | 0.215† | |
NZDep unavailable for four people in each group. Deciles 9–10: most deprived areas.
Composite outcome: dialysis/peripheral vascular disease/lower limb amputations/cerebrovascular disease/ischemic heart disease/heart failure/death.
*Analysis of variance.
†χ2 test.
‡Kruskal-Wallis test.
ACR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; NZDep, New Zealand Deprivation Index; T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes.