Variables | Rates (95% CI) | Rate ratio (vs metformin) | P value (verses metformin) | |
Model 1 R2=0.03 | Metformin (reference) | 1.3 (0.7 to 1.9) | 1.0 | |
SUs | 2.1 (1.4 to 2.8) | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.7) | 0.108 | |
Insulin | 3.2 (2.1 to 4.2) | 2.4 (1.4 to 4.2) | 0.002 | |
Model 2 R2=0.21 | Metformin (reference) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.0) | 1.0 | |
SUs | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.0) | 2.4 (1.4 to 4.1) | 0.001 | |
Insulin | 3.8 (2.3 to 4.6) | 5.4 (3.0 to 9.9) | <0.001 | |
Model 3 R2=0.24 | Metformin (reference) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.1) | 1.0 | |
SUs | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.0) | 2.1 (1.2 to 3.6) | 0.006 | |
Insulin | 3.2 (2.0 to 4.4) | 4.4 (2.2 to 8.7) | <0.001 |
Model 1: unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for HbA1c; model 3: adjusted for HbA1c, age, diabetes duration, BMI, sex and renal impairment. Adjusted rates are adjusted to the mean value for the covariate for the cohort (mean cohort HbA1c 73 mmol/mol). Renal impairment was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Values shown are mean (95% CIs) and p-value. Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; SUs, sulphonylureas.