Baseline characteristics of study subjects who underwent anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) tests
| Characteristics | All subjects | Subjects who followed up GADA test | ||||
| Total (n=11 184) | Men (n=6594) | Women (n=4590) | Total (n=401) | Men (n=228) | Women (n=173) | |
| Quantitative characteristics, median, IQR | ||||||
| Age, years | 50.8 (36.7–63.1) | 49.7 (36.7–61.6) | 52.5 (36.7–65.5) | 50.9 (35.4–63.5) | 52.1 (35.8–64.4) | 49.1 (35.0–61.5) |
| Follow-up numbers, n | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) |
| Follow-up duration, months | N/A | N/A | N/A | 7.9 (2.7–15.4) | 8.8 (3.0–16.7) | 6.9 (2.5–14.0) |
| GADA, U/mL | <0.7 (<0.7–<0.7) | <0.7 (<0.7–<0.7) | <0.7 (<0.7–<0.7) | <0.7 (<0.7–1.2) | <0.7 (<0.7–1.0) | <0.7 (<0.7–1.9) |
| Qualitative characteristics, n (%) | ||||||
| GADA qualitative test results | ||||||
| Positive (≥2.0 U/mL) | 875 (7.8) | 498 (7.6) | 377 (8.2) | 80 (20.0) | 40 (17.5) | 40 (23.1) |
| Gray zone (1.0–1.9 U/mL) | 484 (4.3) | 278 (4.2) | 206 (4.5) | 35 (8.7) | 19 (8.3) | 16 (9.2) |
| Negative (<1.0 U/mL) | 9825 (87.8) | 5818 (88.2) | 4007 (87.3) | 286 (71.8) | 169 (74.1) | 117 (67.6) |
| Types of medical institutions requested GADA tests | ||||||
| University hospitals | 5813 (52.0) | 3383 (51.3) | 2430 (52.9) | 271 (67.6) | 149 (65.4) | 122 (70.5) |
| Hospitals | 3889 (34.8) | 2221 (33.7) | 1668 (36.3) | 92 (22.9) | 54 (23.7) | 38 (22.0) |
| Others* | 1482 (13.3) | 990 (15.0) | 492 (10.7) | 38 (9.5) | 25 (10.9) | 13 (7.5) |
*Others include 22 local clinics, 12 referral clinical laboratories, 2 armed forces hospitals, and 2 public medical centers. Most subjects did not have follow-up GADA measurements.
N/A, not available.