Population characteristics
| Participant demographic and anthropometric measurements, n=1855 | |
| Age, years | 26.8 (22.3, 43.4) |
| Age group (years) | |
| 18 to <25, n (%) | 769 (41.5) |
| 25 to <30, n (%) | 339 (18.3) |
| 30 to <40, n (%) | 227 (12.2) |
| 40 to <50, n (%) | 173 (9.3) |
| 50 to <60, n (%) | 190 (10.2) |
| 60 to <70, n (%) | 115 (6.2) |
| ≥70 years, n (%) | 42 (2.3) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 932 (50.2) |
| Ethnicity western European, n (%) | 1754 (94.6) |
| Diabetes duration, years | 15.7 (10.1, 23.8) |
| Smoking | |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 250 (14.2) |
| Former smoker, n (%) | 61 (3.5) |
| Never smoker, n (%) | 1448 (82.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.6±4.4 |
| Underweight, n (%) | 25 (1.5) |
| Normal weight, n (%) | 824 (49.2) |
| Overweight, n (%) | 584 (34.8) |
| Obese, n (%) | 243 (14.5) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131±13 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 76±9 |
| Laboratory measurements | |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 63±17 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.9±1.5 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 70 (62, 80) |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 98 (82, 117) |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.46±0.91 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | Male: 1.46±0.39 Female: 1.71±0.46 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.68±0.79 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.00 (0.73, 1.40) |
| Diabetes-related complications | |
| Retinopathy, n (%) | 270 (14.6) |
| Neuropathy, n (%) | 153 (8.3) |
| Nephropathy, n (%) | 116 (6.3) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 59 (3.2) |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 14 (0.8) |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 31 (1.7) |
| Diabetic foot abnormalities, n (%) | 87 (4.7) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 662 (35.7) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 607 (35.0) |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 80 (4.3) |
| Medication use | |
| Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) | 358 (19.3) |
| Statin, n (%) | 347 (18.7) |
| Ezetimibe, n (%) | 37 (2.0) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 318 (17.1) |
| ACE inhibitor, n (%) | 203 (10.9) |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker, n (%) | 83 (4.5) |
| Dihydropyridines, n (%) | 90 (4.9) |
| Diuretic, n (%) | 103 (5.6) |
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 81 (4.4) |
| Antithrombotic medication, n (%) | 103 (5.7) |
| Platelet aggregation inhibitor, n (%) | 67 (3.6) |
| Anticoagulants, n (%) | 21 (1.1) |
| Low molecular weight heparin, n (%) | 28 (1.5) |
Data presented as mean (±SD), median (Q1, Q3), n (%). N=1 missing: DM duration, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery, CVA, dyslipidemia, CVD. N=2 missing: peripheral arterial disease. N=6 missing: HbA1c. N=9 missing: diabetic foot abnormalities. N=36 missing: creatinine and eGFR. N=96 missing: smoking. N=118 missing: hypertension. N=137 missing: systolic and diastolic blood pressure. N=179 missing: BMI.
BMI, body mass index; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.