Parameters | All subjects | High risk | Low risk | P value |
(n=33) | (n=8) | (n=25) | ||
Age (years) | 32.2±7.7 | 32.9±7.7 | 32.0±7.8 | |
Sex (male/female) | 20/14 | 4/4 | 16/10 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.4±2.80 | 21.6±2.0 | 21.4±3.0 | N.S. |
Duration of diabetes (years) | – | – | – | |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 4.80±0.38 | 4.76±0.27 | 4.81±0.41 | N.S. |
HbA1c (%) | 5.34±0.27 | 5.35±0.25 | 5.34±0.28 | N.S. |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 35.0±3.0 | 35.0±3.0 | 35.0±3.0 | N.S. |
HOMA-beta (%) | 122.0±61.6 | 100.9±61.4 | 128.7±61.3 | N.S. |
Insulinogenic index | 1.48±1.23 | 1.40±1.51 | 1.49±1.15 | N.S. |
Glucose AUC (0–180 min) | 14.4±1.7 | 13.5±1.9 | 14.7±1.5 | N.S. |
Insulin AUC (0–180 min) | 95.1±44.1 | 76.7±43.4 | 101.0±43.6 | N.S. |
HOMA-IR | 1.68±1.01 | 1.30±0.65 | 1.80±1.07 | N.S. |
Insulin sensitivity index | 7.71±3.82 | 10.0±5.22 | 6.95±3.00 | N.S. |
Disposition index | 9.27±6.48 | 10.66±9.23 | 8.83±5.50 | N.S. |
GDR (mg/kg/min) | 10.3±2.88 | 10.2±2.3 | 10.4±3.0 | N.S. |
M/I | 14.0±11.5 | 15.0±5.5 | 13.7±12.8 | N.S. |
LDL-C | 2.92±0.67 | 2.81±0.41 | 2.96±0.75 | N.S. |
HDL-C | 1.78±0.39 | 1.75±0.33 | 1.79±0.41 | N.S. |
Triglyceride | 0.79±0.47 | 0.60±0.26 | 0.85±0.51 | 0.08 |
Data are presented as the mean±SD values.
The comparison of parameters between high-risk and low-risk groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
AUC, area under the curve; BMI, body mass index; GDR, glucose disposal rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-beta, homeostatic model assessment beta-cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; N.S., not significant; PDX-1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor-1; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.