Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the development sample

n (%) or
median (IQR)
Missing values (%)HR
HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%)Glucose-lowering treatment initiation
Total20 806 (100.0)
Sex0 (0.0)
 Female10 792 (51.9)0.67 (0.62; 0.73)0.68 (0.61; 0.76)
 Male10 014 (48.1)RefRef
Age (years)69.6 (61.0–77.1)0 (0.0)0.99 (0.98; 0.99)0.97 (0.96; 0.97)
Body mass index (kg/m2)26.7 (24.1–29.8)986 (4.7)1.05 (1.04; 1.06)1.07 (1.06; 1.08)
Value of pre-diabetes-defining
HbA1c measurement (mmol/mol)
43.0 (42.0–44.0)0 (0.0)1.69 (1.65; 1.73)1.68 (1.63; 1.74)
Value of pre-diabetes-defining
HbA1c measurement (mmol/mol)
0 (0.0)
 429081 (43.6)RefRef
 435061 (24.3)1.67 (1.47; 1.89)1.58 (1.32; 1.89)
 443080 (14.8)2.74 (2.41; 3.12)2.89 (2.43; 3.44)
 451794 (8.6)5.15 (4.53; 5.86)5.24 (4.39; 6.24)
 461180 (5.7)7.93 (6.93; 9.07)8.04 (6.71; 9.62)
 47610 (2.9)13.69 (11.75; 15.94)12.48 (10.15; 15.34)
  • The HR is adjusted for sex, age, index year, and region of residence.