Table 2

OR and 95% CI for having vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, by education level

	Unadjusted		Model 1		Model 2
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Coronary heart disease
Education level		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
Compulsory education	1		1		1
Upper secondary education	0.86 (0.77 to 0.96)	0.007	0.84 (0.74 to 0.95)	0.004	0.83 (0.73 to 0.93)	0.003
Higher education	0.59 (0.50 to 0.69)	<0.001	0.58 (0.49 to 0.70)	<0.001	0.59 (0.49 to 0.71)	<0.001
Stroke
Education level		0.001		0.037		0.066
Compulsory education	1		1		1
Upper secondary education	0.75 (0.63 to 0.90)	0.001	0.81 (0.68 to 0.97)	0.021	0.81 (0.68 to 0.97)	0.025
Higher education	0.67 (0.52 to 0.86)	0.001	0.78 (0.60 to 1.01)	0.061	0.82 (0.63 to 1.07)	0.141
Chronic kidney disease (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
Education level		<0.001		0.006		0.008
Compulsory education	1		1		1
Upper secondary education	0.64 (0.57 to 0.73)	<0.001	0.83 (0.72 to 0.96)	0.010	0.83 (0.72 to 0.96)	0.010
Higher education	0.46 (0.39 to 0.56)	<0.001	0.74 (0.60 to 0.92)	0.006	0.75 (0.60 to 0.93)	0.009
Retinopathy
Education level		0.097		0.025		0.166
Compulsory education	1		1		1
Upper secondary education	0.84 (0.70 to 0.99)	0.048	0.80 (0.67 to 0.95)	0.012	0.84 (0.69 to 1.01)	0.061
Higher education	0.85 (0.67 to 1.07)	0.154	0.80 (0.63 to 1.01)	0.058	0.91 (0.70 to 1.17)	0.442
Foot complications
Education level		0.003		0.005		0.068
Compulsory education	1		1		1
Upper secondary education	0.85 (0.69 to 1.05)	0.128	0.84 (0.68 to 1.04)	0.113	0.89 (0.72 to 1.11)	0.306
Higher education	0.57 (0.41 to 0.79)	0.001	0.58 (0.42 to 0.81)	0.001	0.67 (0.48 to 0.94)	0.021

Model 1 is adjusted for age and sex, and model 2 is adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration. County is included as a random effect in all models, and the analyses are done on imputed data.
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.