Mean (95% CI) absolute change from baseline | |||||
Baseline | ∆ 3 months | ∆ 6 months | ∆ 9 months | ∆ 12 months | |
BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
PRT+WL | 31.5±3.4 | −0.6 (−1.0 to –0.3)** | −0.9 (−1.4 to –0.3)** | −0.8 (−1.3 to –0.3)** | −0.6 (−1.0 to –0.2)** |
Sham+WL | 32.5±3.8 | −0.7 (−1.0 to –0.4)*** | −1.1 (−1.5 to –0.7)*** | −1.1 (−1.7 to –0.6)** | −0.6 (−1.0 to –0.1)* |
Net difference (95% CI) | 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.6) | 0.2 (−0.5 to 0.9) | 0.3 (−0.4 to 1.0) | 0.0 (−0.5 to 0.5) | |
P value† | 0.76 | 0.62 | 0.32 | 0.79 | |
Waist circumference, cm | |||||
PRT+WL | 105.3±7.5 | −3.8 (−5.6 to –1.9)*** | −6.9 (−10.0 to –3.9)*** | −6.8 (−10.5 to –3.0)** | −3.7 (−6.5 to –1.0)* |
Sham+WL | 103.3±11.4 | −3.1 (−5.2 to –1.0)** | −6.7 (−10.4 to –3.0)** | −6.4 (−10.0 to –2.7)** | −2.3 (−4.3 to –0.2)* |
Net difference (95% CI) | −0.7 (−3.3 to 2.0) | −0.3 (−4.8 to 4.2) | −0.4 (−5.4 to 4.6) | −1.4 (−4.8 to 1.9) | |
P value† | 0.74 | 0.88 | 0.75 | 0.32 | |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | |||||
PRT+WL | 1.83±0.75 | −0.23 (−0.60 to 0.15) | −0.24 (−0.63 to 0.15) | −0.39 (−0.80 to 0.01) | −0.09 (−0.44 to 0.26) |
Sham+WL | 1.85±0.78 | −0.05 (−0.58 to 0.47) | −0.08 (−0.45 to 0.28) | 0.12 (−0.56 to 0.79) | 0.28 (−0.49 to 1.04) |
Net difference (95% CI) | −0.17 (−0.77 to 0.43) | −0.16 (−0.68 to 0.36) | −0.51 (−1.23 to 0.21) | −0.37 (−1.13 to 0.39) | |
P value† | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.39 | 0.60 | |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase, U/L | |||||
PRT+WL | 45.9±47.6 | −7.4 (−13.7 to –1.0)* | −9.1 (−16.1 to –2.1)* | −4.8 (−14.4 to 4.8) | −2.1 (−11.5 to 7.3) |
Sham+WL | 34.2±28.5 | 3.2 (−6.9 to 13.4) | 7.0 (−15.3 to 29.3) | 5.2 (−9.0 to 8.6) | 0.9 (−6.0 to 7.8) |
Net difference (95% CI) | −10.6 (−21.5 to 0.3) | −16.1 (−36.4 to 4.2) | −10.0 (−27.5 to 7.6) | −3.0 (−14.4 to 8.4) | |
P value† | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.10 | |
FLI | |||||
PRT+WL | 77.2±20.0 | −7.0 (−12.0 to –2.0)** | −12.3 (−20.3 to –4.2)** | −11.7 (−17.6 to -5.9)*** | −6.5 (−10.8 to –2.2)** |
Sham+WL | 75.9±19.8 | −10.8 (−23.6 to 2.1) | −9.3 (−14.8 to –3.8)** | −10.1 (−19.1 to –1.0)* | −4.3 (−9.9 to 1.4) |
Net difference (95% CI) | 3.8 (−8.3 to 15.9) | −2.9 (−12.7 to 6.9) | −1.6 (−11.5 to 8.2) | −2.3 (−8.9 to 4.3) | |
P value† | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.95 | 0.75 |
All baseline values are unadjusted means±SDs. All change values are unadjusted means (95% CI) and expressed as absolute changes from baseline. Mean net differences (95% CI) were calculated by subtracting within-group changes for PRT+WL from within-group changes from WL.
*P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 within-group change from baseline.
†P values represent group-by-time interaction from linear mixed models adjusted for baseline values.
BMI, body mass index; FLI, fatty liver index; PRT, progressive resistance training; WL, weight loss.