All (N=2243) | Without dysfunction (N=1620) | Dysfunction (N=619) | P value | |
Women | 1236 (55.2%) | 850 (52.5) | 386 (62.4) | <0.01 |
Age, years | 52±10 | 51.4±10.1 | 52.8±10.2 | 0.004 |
Time since diagnosis (years) | 0.86 | |||
0 | 889 (39.8) | 653 (40.5) | 236 (38.2) | |
1 | 297 (13.3) | 212 (13.1) | 85 (13.1) | |
2 | 319 (14.3) | 229 (14.2) | 90 (14.6) | |
3 | 362 (16.1) | 264 (16.4) | 98 (15.9) | |
4 | 293 (13.1) | 208 (12.9) | 85 (13.8) | |
5 | 71 (3.2) | 48 (3.0) | 23 (3.7) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 125±15.5 | 125±15 | 124±16 | 0.33 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 77±7.7 | 77±7 | 76±7 | 0.04 |
Heart rate (BPM) | 63±11 | 75±11 | 76±11 | 0.01 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 171 (123–241) | 171 (123–240) | 171 (125–243) | 0.70 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189±43 | 188±43 | 191±42 | 0.16 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 43±10 | 43±10 | 44±10 | 0.11 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 115±36 | 114±35 | 116±37 | 0.42 |
Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 145±42 | 145±42 | 147±41 | 0.30 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 130 (110–183) | 128 (105–181) | 137 (107–194) | 0.05 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.4±2.4 | 8.3±2 | 8.5±2 | 0.17 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.7±0.17 | 0.7±0.1 | 0.7±0.1 | 0.01 |
Albumin/creatinine ratio (mg/g) | 8.9 (4.9–20.9) | 8.6 (4.7–19.3) | 9.6 (5.3–25.1) | 0.004 |
Albumin/creatinine ratio >30 mg/g (%) | 394 (17.6) | 259 (16.2) | 135 (22.3) | <0.01 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.3±1.4 | 5.3±1.4 | 5.2±1.4 | 0.03 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.6±5 | 29.5±4.8 | 29.8±5.3 | 0.12 |
Data expressed as number and percentage, mean±SD or median (IQR). Dysfunction was considered as ESC ≤70 ESC in the foot evaluation.
BPM, beats per minute; ESC, electrochemical skin conductance; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol.