Cardiometabolic risk factors in young, normal-weight Japanese women with low, normal and high percentage body fat
| Percentage body fat | * | |||
| Low | Normal | High | ||
| n=67 | n=160 | n=24 | ||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 82 ± 7 | 83 ± 7 | 83 ± 5 | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.1 ± 0.3 | |
| FFA (mEq/L) | 0.55 ± 0.17 | 0.57 ± 0.24 | 0.5 ± 0.21 | |
| Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 5.3 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 3.6 | 6.6 ± 3.5 | |
| HOMA-IR | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | |
| AT-IR | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 3.7 ± 3.3 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 52 ± 23 | 57 ± 25 | 65 ± 32 | |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 177 ± 25 | 182 ± 26 | 199 ± 28 | †‡ |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 76 ± 12 | 75 ± 14 | 70 ± 15 | †‡ |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 91 ± 20 | 96 ± 21 | 117 ± 30 | †‡ |
| Apolipoprotein A1 (mg/dL) | 165 ± 18 | 165 ± 20 | 154 ± 20 | †‡ |
| Apolipoprotein B (mg/dL) | 66 ± 12 | 70 ± 14 | 84 ± 19 | †‡ |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 9.1 ± 3 | 13.2 ± 5 | §†‡ |
| Adiponectin (µg/mL) | 11.6 ± 3.7 | 11.4 ± 4.3 | 10.9 ± 4 | |
| hsCRP (μg/dL) | 21 ± 64 | 27 ± 63 | 64 ± 124 | †‡ |
| log hsCRP | 0.91 ± 0.42 | 1.06 ± 0.48 | 1.37 ± 0.57 | †‡ |
| AST (U/L) | 17 ± 3.1 | 17.4 ± 4.6 | 19.2 ± 10.3 | |
| ALT (U/L) | 12.5 ± 4.4 | 13 ± 7.2 | 12.9 ± 11.3 | |
| GGT (U/L) | 14.3 ± 4.4 | 13.4 ± 3.6 | 16.4 ± 10.2 | |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 104 ± 8 | 106 ± 10 | 108 ± 11 | |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 60 ± 7 | 61 ± 7 | 62 ± 7 | |
Mean±SD AT-IR; adipose tissue-insulin resistance.
*P<0.05 or less by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison procedure.
†Low versus high.
‡Normal versus high.
§Low versus normal.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BP, blood pressure; FFA, free fatty acid; GGT, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.