Descriptive details of the study sample from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing at baseline in 2004/2005 (n=3335)
| Married/cohabitating (n=2524) % (n)/mean (SD) | Unpartnered (n=811) % (n)/mean (SD) | P value* | Missing N | |
| Male | 49% (1245) | 28% (226) | 0.000 | 0 |
| Income quintile | ||||
| 1 | 10% (243) | 27% (219) | 0.000 | 45 |
| 2 | 15% (368) | 20% (162) | ||
| 3 | 20% (486) | 20% (161) | ||
| 4 | 26% (635) | 18% (148) | ||
| 5 | 30% (748) | 15% (120) | ||
| Currently working | 45% (1147) | 26% (211) | 0.000 | 0 |
| Depression | 4% (89) | 10% (81) | 0.000 | 16 |
| Physically active | 84% (1646) | 79% (547) | 0.001 | 688 |
| Currently smoking | 12% (295) | 16% (130) | 0.001 | 6 |
| Friends | 96% (2419) | 96% (778) | 0.952 | 20 |
| Other immediate family | 95% (2378) | 92% (745) | 0.015 | 19 |
| Children | 92% (2323) | 77% (622) | 0.000 | 9 |
| Spousal support (out of 4) | 3.6 (0.5) | n/a | n/a | 15 |
| Spousal strain (out of 4) | 1.8 (0.6) | n/a | n/a | 16 |
| BMI | 27.7 (4.5) | 27.4 (5.1) | 0.208 | 93 |
| Age | 63.0 (7.5) | 67.5 (9.3) | 0.000 | 0 |
| HbA1c in % | 5.47 (0.53) | 5.52 (0.49) | 0.006 | 0 |
| HbA1c value at/above pre-diabetes threshold (≥5.7%) | 616 (24%) | 231 (28%) | 0.020 | 0 |
| HbA1c value at/above pre-diabetes threshold (≥6.5%) | 60 (2%) | 28 (3%) | 0.096 | 0 |
*t-tests for continuous variables and Pearson χ2 tests for categorical variables without the missing category.
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.