Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted HRs of aDCSI and CCI for all-cause and cause-specific mortality and model goodness-of-fit
| Time-fixed scores (baseline) | ||||||
| All_1 | All_2 | All_3 | Cancer_1 | Cancer_2 | Cancer_3 | |
| Sex | 1.44 (1.42–1.46) | 1.42 (1.40–1.44) | 1.43 (1.41–1.45) | 1.73 (1.70–1.76) | 1.73 (1.70–1.76) | 1.73 (1.70–1.76) |
| Age | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.06 (1.06–1.07) | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.05 (1.05–1.05) | 1.05 (1.05–1.06) |
| aDCSI | 1.21 (1.20–1.21) | – | 1.14 (1.14–1.15) | 1.04 (1.04–1.05) | – | 0.98 (0.97–0.98) |
| CCI | – | 1.18 (1.17–1.18) | 1.10 (1.09–1.10) | – | 1.10 (1.09–1.10) | 1.11 (1.11–1.12) |
| C-index | 0.76 | 0.758 | 0.765 | 0.696 | 0.701 | 0.701 |
| AIC | 7 995 753 | 8 005 058 | 7 984 549 | 1 903 026 | 1 901 141 | 1 901 053 |
| CVD_1 | CVD_2 | CVD_3 | Diabetes_1 | Diabetes_2 | Diabetes_3 | |
| Sex | 1.33 (1.30–1.35) | 1.31 (1.29–1.33) | 1.32 (1.30–1.35) | 1.25 (1.23–1.27) | 1.23 (1.22–1.25) | 1.25 (1.23–1.27) |
| Age | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.08 (1.08–1.08) | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.06 (1.06–1.07) | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) |
| aDCSI | 1.27 (1.27–1.28) | – | 1.25 (1.25–1.26) | 1.28 (1.28–1.29) | – | 1.27 (1.26–1.27) |
| CCI | – | 1.16 (1.16–1.17) | 1.03 (1.02–1.03) | – | 1.17 (1.16–1.17) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) |
| C-index | 0.794 | 0.772 | 0.794 | 0.781 | 0.758 | 0.781 |
| AIC | 3 433 771 | 3 460 405 | 3 433 362 | 2 898 215 | 2 922 688 | 2 897 976 |
| Time-varying scores | ||||||
| All_1 | All_2 | All_3 | Cancer_1 | Cancer_2 | Cancer_3 | |
| Sex | 1.41 (1.39–1.44) | 1.37 (1.34–1.39) | 1.37 (1.35–1.39) | 1.72 (1.69–1.75) | 1.72 (1.69–1.75) | 1.72 (1.69–1.75) |
| Age | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.05 (1.05–1.05) | 1.05 (1.05–1.05) | 1.05 (1.05–1.05) | 1.04 (1.04–1.05) | 1.05 (1.04–1.05) |
| aDCSI | 1.29 (1.28–1.29) | – | 1.12 (1.11–1.12) | 1.10 (1.10–1.10) | – | 0.96 (0.95–0.96) |
| CCI | – | 1.34 (1.33–1.34) | 1.27 (1.27–1.28) | – | 1.22 (1.21–1.22) | 1.26 (1.25–1.26) |
| C-index | 0.789 | 0.82 | 0.825 | 0.705 | 0.729 | 0.73 |
| AIC | 7 908 326 | 7 814 257 | 7 793 865 | 1 899 177 | 1 888 542 | 1 888 095 |
| CVD_1 | CVD_2 | CVD_3 | Diabetes_1 | Diabetes_2 | Diabetes_3 | |
| Sex | 1.30 (1.27–1.32) | 1.27 (1.25–1.29) | 1.28 (1.26–1.30) | 1.22 (1.20–1.25) | 1.20 (1.18–1.22) | 1.21 (1.18–1.23) |
| Age | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.05 (1.05–1.05) |
| aDCSI | 1.37 (1.37–1.38) | – | 1.29 (1.29–1.30) | 1.39 (1.39–1.40) | – | 1.30 (1.29–1.31) |
| CCI | – | 1.26 (1.26–1.27) | 1.11 (1.11–1.12) | – | 1.28 (1.28–1.29) | 1.13 (1.12–1.13) |
| C-index | 0.831 | 0.808 | 0.836 | 0.823 | 0.803 | 0.83 |
| AIC | 3 376 125 | 3 414 734 | 3 367 586 | 2 843 681 | 2 876 914 | 2 834 715 |
There are a total of 12 models for time-fixed scores, which correspond to combinations of four endpoints (all-cause, cancer, CVD and diabetes mortality) and three variable sets (1: sex, age and aDCSI; 2: sex, age and CCI; and 3: sex, age and both aDCSI and CCI). For example, ‘All_1’ denotes a model with all-cause mortality as endpoint using variable set 1 (sex, age and aDCSI).
Similarly, there are 12 models for time-varying scores.
aDCSI, adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index; AIC, Akaike information criterion; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; C-index, Harrell’s concordance index; CVD, cardiovascular disease.