Table 2

Correlation coefficients between FoH screener scores, respondent characteristics and patient-reported outcomes (HFS-II, GAD-7, PHQ-8)

Characteristic/measure	Correlation
Characteristic/measure	Total score (r_t)	Worry subscale (r_w)	Behavior subscale (r_b)
Female	0.23*	0.24*	0.11*
Age (years)	−0.09*	−0.08*	−0.07
Duration of T1D (years)	−0.17*	−0.17*	−0.11*
Number of comorbidities	0.19*	0.17*	0.18*
MDI versus pump	−0.08	−0.05	−0.11*
Glucometer use (vs CGM use)	0.02	0.03	0.01
Self-reported A1c (%)	0.21*	0.15*	0.27*
Gold score	0.12*	0.13*	0.03
Number of mild hypoglycemia per week	−0.02	−0.02	−0.01
Number of moderate hypoglycemia per week	0.01	0.02	−0.02
Number of severe hypoglycemia in the past 12 months	0.09*	0.08	0.07
Number of lifetime severe hypoglycemia	0.08	0.09*	0.03
BMI (kg/m²)	0.09*	0.06	0.13*
Comfortable blood glucose range—low	0.15*	0.12*	0.16*
Comfortable blood glucose range—high	0.05	0.00	0.15*
FoH worry score	0.95*	–	–
FoH behavior score	0.74*	0.49*	–
General anxiety (GAD-7)	0.37*	0.32*	0.33*
Depression (PHQ-8)	0.37*	0.31*	0.35*
HFS total score	0.78*	0.72*	0.61*
HFS worry score	0.74*	0.75*	0.45*
HFS behavior score	0.65*	0.52*	0.69*

Gold score measures impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (responses range from ‘Always aware (1)’ to ‘Never aware (7)’). GAD-7 is a 7-item anxiety scale developed to diagnose generalized anxiety disorder. PHQ-8 is an outcome measure that is used both as a diagnostic and severity measure for depressive disorders in clinical studies. HFS-II (short form) is an 11-item patient-reported outcome measure that assesses adults’ behavior (5 items) and worry (6 items) related to hypoglycemia in the past 6 months.
*P<0.05.
A1c, glycated hemoglobin; BMI, body mass index; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; FoH, fear of hypoglycemia; GAD-7, 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; HFS-II, Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-II; MDI, multiple daily injections; PHQ-8, 8-Item Patient Health Questionnaire; r_b, correlation coefficient behavior score; r_t, correlation coefficient total score; r_w, correlation coefficient worry score; T1D, type 1 diabetes.