Table 2

Cardiovascular diseases according to personality traits

NumberEventIR*Model 1†P valueModel 2‡P value
Any CVD8794211019.91
 Sociability0.99 (0.94–1.03)0.5820.94 (0.89–0.99)0.016
 Warmth1.00 (0.97–1.03)0.9391.01 (0.95–1.07)0.746
 Diligence0.93 (0.89–0.97)0.0020.91 (0.86–0.96)0.001
 Curiosity1.02 (0.96–1.07)0.5930.96 (0.90–1.02)0.196
 Nervousness0.99 (0.96–1.02)0.5840.99 (0.93–1.05)0.747
Myocardial infarction87945995.25
 Sociability0.94 (0.86–1.02)0.1410.91 (0.82–1.00)0.045
 Warmth0.96 (0.91–1.02)0.2200.95 (0.85–1.06)0.377
 Diligence0.90 (0.82–0.97)0.0090.90 (0.82–1.00)0.049
 Curiosity1.04 (0.94–1.16)0.4280.98 (0.87–1.09)0.668
 Nervousness1.01 (0.96–1.07)0.6700.94 (0.84–1.05)0.271
Ischemic stroke87944313.75
 Sociability1.03 (0.99–1.23)0.5590.98 (0.87–1.09)0.668
 Warmth1.01 (0.94–1.09)0.7701.01 (0.88–1.15)0.941
 Diligence0.88 (0.80–0.97)0.0090.83 (0.74–0.94)0.003
 Curiosity1.08 (0.95–1.22)0.2310.97 (0.85–1.04)0.700
 Nervousness0.98 (0.92–1.05)0.5600.97 (0.85–1.10)0.629
Atrial fibrillation8794120210.85
 Sociability1.04 (0.98–1.10)0.2220.99 (0.92–1.06)0.730
 Warmth1.00 (0.96–1.05)0.8400.99 (0.91–1.08)0.838
 Diligence0.95 (0.90–1.00)0.0640.92 (0.85–0.98)0.017
 Curiosity1.01 (0.94–1.09)0.6970.96 (0.88–1.04)0.294
 Nervousness0.98 (0.95–1.02)0.4030.99 (0.92–1.07)0.827
Heart failure87948177.17
 Sociability0.92 (0.86–0.99)0.0290.92 (0.84–0.99)0.038
 Warmth0.97 (0.92–1.02)0.2090.99 (0.90–1.10)0.915
 Diligence0.86 (0.80–0.92)<0.0010.84 (0.76–0.91)<0.001
 Curiosity1.00 (0.91–1.09)0.9500.95 (0.86–1.04)0.274
 Nervousness1.03 (0.99–1.08)0.1430.98 (0.90–1.08)0.734
  • *Incidence rates were calculated as the number of observed incident cases per 1000 patient-years.

  • †Model 1 is the unadjusted analyses.

  • ‡Model 2 adjusts for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and personality traits (scores of sociability, warmth, diligence, curiosity, and nervousness).

  • CVD, cardiovascular disease; IR, incidence rate.