Demographics and cohort characteristics
| Overall | EMR | Claims | |||
| People with BMI<30 kg/m2 | People with BMI>30 kg/m2 | People without obesity diagnosis code | People with obesity diagnosis code | ||
| N, % | 692 119 (100) | 415 473 (60) | 276 646 (40) | 595 692 (86) | 96 427 (14) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 50.8 (17.8) | 50.7 (19.3) | 50.9 (15.4) | 50.4 (18.2) | 53.2 (15.1) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 29.5 (7.1) | 25.0 (3.2) | 36.2 (5.8) | 28.2 (6.2) | 37.0 (7.3) |
| Female | 384 024 (55.5) | 232 589 (56.0) | 151 435 (54.7) | 325 795 (54.7) | 58 229 (60.4) |
| BMI group* | |||||
| Underweight | 11 750 (1.7) | 11 750 (2.8) | NA | 115 486 (1.9) | 264 (0.3) |
| Normal | 181 415 (26.2) | 181 415 (43.7) | NA | 179 804 (30.2) | 1611 (1.7) |
| Overweight | 222 308 (32.1) | 222 308 (53.5) | NA | 212 723 (35.7) | 9585 (9.9) |
| Class 1 Obesity | 147 962 (21.4) | NA | 147 962 (53.5) | 115 956 (19.5) | 32 006 (33.2) |
| Class 2 Obesity | 73 636 (10.6) | NA | 73 636 (26.6) | 48 151 (8.1) | 25 485 (26.4) |
| Class 3 Obesity | 55 048 (8.0) | NA | 55 048 (19.9) | 27 572 (4.6) | 27 476 (28.5) |
| CCI, mean (SD) | 0.7 (1.6) | 0.7 (1.6) | 0.7 (1.5) | 0.7 (1.5) | 1.2 (1.9) |
| CCI categories | |||||
| 0 | 494 388 (71.4) | 303 543 (73.1) | 190 845 (69) | 441 026 (74.0) | 53 362 (55.3) |
| 1 | 78 366 (11.3) | 41 384 (10.0) | 36 982 (13.4) | 62 194 (10.4) | 16 172 (16.8) |
| 2 | 54 941 (7.9) | 30 895 (7.4) | 24 046 (8.7) | 43 340 (7.3) | 11 601 (12.0) |
| 3+ | 64 424 (9.3) | 39 651 (9.5) | 24 773 (9.0) | 49 132 (8.3) | 15 292 (15.9) |
| Payor | |||||
| Commercial | 555 977 (80.3) | 324 933 (78.2) | 231 044 (83.5) | 479 584 (80.5) | 76 393 (79.2) |
| Medicare | 136 142 (19.7) | 90 540 (21.8) | 45 602 (16.5) | 116 108 (19.5) | 20 034 (20.8) |
| Index year | |||||
| 2013 | 53 434 (7.7) | 34 178 (8.2) | 19 256 (7.0) | 49 713 (8.4) | 3721 (3.9) |
| 2014 | 69 434 (10) | 44 028 (10.6) | 25 406 (9.2) | 63 777 (10.7) | 5657 (5.9) |
| 2015 | 100 863 (14.6) | 62 778 (15.1) | 38 085 (13.8) | 90 622 (15.2) | 10 241 (10.6) |
| 2016 | 170 261 (24.6) | 102 323 (24.6) | 67 938 (24.6) | 147 846 (24.8) | 22 415 (23.3) |
| 2017 | 140 843 (20.4) | 81 889 (19.7) | 58 954 (21.3) | 118 160 (19.8) | 22 683 (23.5) |
| 2018 | 50 683 (7.3) | 30 607 (7.4) | 20 076 (7.3) | 42 665 (7.2) | 8018 (8.3) |
| 2019 | 106 601 (15.4) | 59 670 (14.4) | 46 931 (17.0) | 82 909 (13.9) | 23 692 (24.6) |
All data are presented as n, (%) unless specified otherwise. Obesity as indicated by BMI≥30 kg/m2 in the EMR, and ICD codes in the claims data. There could be overlap in some people who were classified to have obesity in the EMR and/or the claims.
*Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2); normal (18.5 to <25 kg/m2); overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2); class 1 obesity (30 to <35 kg/m2); class 2 obesity (35 to <40 kg/m2); class 3 obesity (≥40 kg/m2) (CDC, 2022).
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; EMR, electronic medical record; ICD, Classification of Disease; N, total population; NA, not applicable.